The future of the institutional architecture of the European Supervisory Authorities

BIBLIOGRAPHY

EU Legislation and legislative documents

Regulation (EU) 2018/1717 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 November 2018 amending Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 as regards the location of the seat of the European Banking Authority [2018] OJ L291/1.

Directive (EU) 2018/843 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive (EU) 2015/849 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing, and amending Directives 2009/138/EC and 2013/36/EU [2018] OJ L156/43.

Directive (EU) 2016/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 January 2016 on insurance distribution [2016] OJ L26/19.

Directive (EU) 2015/849 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing, amending Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Directive 2005/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Directive 2006/70/EC, [2015] OJ L141/73.

Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/500 of 24 March 2015 laying down implementing technical standards with regard to the procedures to be followed for the supervisory approval of the application of a matching adjustment in accordance with Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council [2015] OJ L79/18.

Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2014 on key information documents for packaged retail and insurance-based investment products (PRIIPs) [2014] OJ L352/1.

Directive 2014/65/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 on markets in financial instruments and amending Directive 2002/92/EC and Directive 2011/61/EU [2014] OJ L173/349.

Directive 2014/51/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 amending Directives 2003/71/EC and 2009/138/EC and Regulations (EC) No 1060/2009, (EU) No 1094/2010 and (EU) No 1095/2010 in respect of the powers of the European Supervisory Authority (European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority) and the European Supervisory Authority (European Securities and Markets Authority) [2014] L 153/1.

Regulation (EU) No 1022/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2013 amending Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Banking Authority) as regards the conferral of specific tasks on the European Central Bank pursuant to Council Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 [2013] OJ L287/5.

Council Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 of 15 October 2013 conferring specific tasks on the European Central Bank concerning policies relating to the prudential supervision of credit institutions [2013] OJ L287/63.

Directive 2013/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on access to the activity of credit institutions and the prudential supervision of credit institutions and investment

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firms, amending Directive 2002/87/EC and repealing Directives 2006/48/EC and 2006/49/EC [2013] OJ L176/338.

Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on OTC derivatives, central counterparties and trade repositories [2012] OJ L201/1.

Regulation (EU) No 236/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2012 on short selling and certain aspects of credit default swaps [2012] OJ L86/1.

Directive 2010/78/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 1998/26/EC, 2002/87/EC, 2003/6/EC, 2003/41/EC, 2003/71/EC, 2004/39/EC, 2004/109/EC, 2005/60/EC, 2006/48/EC, 2006/49/EC and 2009/65/EC in respect of the powers of the European Supervisory Authority (European Banking Authority), the European Supervisory Authority (European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority) and the European Supervisory Authority (European Securities and Markets Authority) [2010] L 331/120 (“Omnibus I Directive”)

Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Securities and Markets Authority), amending Decision No 716/2009/EC and repealing Commission Decision 2009/77/EC [2010] OJ L331/84.

Regulation (EU) No 1094/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority), amending Decision No 716/2009/EC and repealing Commission Decision 2009/79/EC [2010] OJ L331/48.

Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Banking Authority), amending Decision No 716/2009/EC and repealing Commission Decision 2009/78/EC [2010] OJ L331/15.

Regulation (EU) No 1092/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on European Union macro-prudential oversight of the financial system and establishing a European Systemic Risk Board [2010] OJ L331/1.

Council Regulation (EU) 1096/2010 of 17 November 2010 conferring specific tasks upon the European Central Bank concerning the functioning of the European Systemic Risk Board, OJ L331/162.

Directive 2009/138/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2009 on the taking-up and pursuit of the business of Insurance and Reinsurance (Solvency II) [2009] OJ L335/1.

Regulation (EU) No 1060/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on credit rating agencies [2009] OJ L302/1.

Directive 2008/48/EC of the European Parliament and of The Council of 23 April 2008 on credit agreements for consumers and repealing Council Directive 87/102/EEC [2008] OJ L133/66.

Commission Decision 2004/6/EC of 5 November 2003 establishing the Committee of European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Supervisors [2004] OJ L3/30.

Commission Decision 2004/5/EC of 5 November 2003 establishing the Committee of European Banking Supervisors [2004] OJ L3/28.

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Directive 2002/92/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on insurance mediation [2003] OJ L9/3.

Directive 2002/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council “on the supplementary supervision of credit institutions, insurance undertakings and investment firms in a financial conglomerate and amending Council Directives 73/239/EEC, 79/267/EEC, 92/49/EEC, 92/96/EEC, 93/6/EEC and 93/22/EEC, and Directives 98/78/EC and 2000/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council [2003] OJ L35/1-27.

Commission Decision 2001/527/EC of 6 June 2001 establishing the Committee of European Securities Regulators [2001] OJ L191/43.

Single European Act [1987] OJ L169/1.

Council Directive 80/390/EEC of 17 March 1980 coordinating the requirements for the drawing up, scrutiny and distribution of the listing particulars to be published for the admission of securities to official stock exchange listing [1980] OJ L100/1.

Council Directive 79/279/EEC of 5 march 1979 coordinating the conditions for the admission of securities to official stock exchange listing [1979] OJ L66/21.

First Council Directive 79/267/EEC of 5 March 1979 on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the taking up and pursuit of the business of direct life assurance [1979] OJ L63/1.

First Council Directive 77/780/EEC of 12 December 1977 on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the taking up and pursuit of the business of credit institutions [1977] OJ L322/30.

First Council Directive of 24 July 1973 73/239/EEC on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the taking-up and pursuit of the business of direct insurance other than life assurance [1973] OJ L228/3.

EU Documents

CEIOPS, ‘CEIOPS Advice for Level 2 Implementing Measures on Solvency II: Repackaged Loans Investment’ (2010) Consultation Paper 59/10, 28 p.

CESR, ‘Preliminary progress report: which supervisory tools for the EU securities markets?’ (2004), 33 p.

CESR, CEBS and CEIOPS, ‘Joint Protocol on Cooperation between CESR CEBS and CEIOPS’ (2005), 4 p.

Commission, ‘Fight against money laundering and terrorist financing: Commission assesses risks and calls for better implementation of the rules’ Press Release (24 July 2019),http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-19-4452_en.htm.

Commission, ‘Capital Markets Union: Creating a stronger and more integrated European financial supervisory architecture, including on anti-money laundering’ (2019) Fact Sheet,http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-19-1928_en.htm.

Commission, ‘European Financial Stability and Integration Review’ (2018), 89 p.

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Commission, ‘Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Central Bank, the Economic and Social committee and the Committee of the Regions. Strengthening the Union framework for prudential and anti-money laundering supervision for financial institutions’ COM(2018) 645 final, 11 p.

Commission, ‘Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Central Bank, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: FinTech Action plan: For a more competitive and innovative European financial sector’ COM(2018) 109 final, 18 p.

Commission, ‘Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Central Bank, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Action Plan: Financing Sustainable Growth’ COM(2018) 97 final, 19 p.

Commission, ‘Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the Single Supervisory Mechanism established pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013’ COM(2017) 591 final, 20 p.

Commission, ‘Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Central Bank, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Reinforcing integrated supervision to strengthen Capital Markets Union and financial integration in a changing environment’ COM(2017) 542 final, 13 p.

Commission, ‘Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Banking Authority); Regulation (EU) No 1094/2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority); Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Securities and Market Authority); Regulation (EU) No 345/2013 on European venture capital funds; Regulation (EU) No 346/2013 on European social entrepreneurship funds; Regulation (EU) No 600/2014 on markets in financial instruments; Regulation (EU) 2015/760 on European long-term investment funds; Regulation 2016/1011 on indices used as benchmarks in financial instruments and financial contracts or to measure the performance of investment funds; and Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 on the prospectus to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading on a regulated market’ COM(2017) 536 final, 283 p.

Commission, ‘Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on a pan- European Personal Pension Product (PEPP)’ COM(2017) 343 final, 79 p.

Commission, ‘Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the Mid-Term Review of the Capital Markets Union Action Plan’ COM(2017) 292 final, 22 p.

Commission, ‘Reflection Paper on the deepening of the Economic and Monetary Union’ COM(2017) 291 final, 34 p.

Commission, ‘Summary of contributions to the 'Public Consultation on FinTech: a more competitive and innovative European financial sector’ (2017), 10 p.

Commission ‘Public Consultation on Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European

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Banking Authority) amending Decision No 716/2009/EC and repealing Commission Decision 2009/78/EC (the "EBA Regulation"); Regulation (EU) No 1094/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority) amending Decision No 716/2009/EC and repealing Commission Decision 2009/78/EC (the "EIOPA Regulation"); and Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Securities and Markets Authority) amending Decision No 716/2009/EC and repealing Commission Decision 2009/78/EC (the "ESMA Regulation")’ (2017), 24 p.

Commission, ‘Commission Staff Working Document. Crowdfunding in the EU Capital Markets Union’ SWD(2016) 154 final, 51 p.

Commission, ‘Consultation Document. Review of the EU Macro-Prudential Policy Framework’ (2016), 41 p.

Commission, ‘Action plan on building a capital markets union’ COM(2015) 468 final, 30 p. Commission, ‘Building a capital markets union. Green paper’ COM(2015) 63 final, 27 p.

Commission, ‘Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on structural measures improving the resilience of EU credit institutions’ COM(2014) 43 final, 65 p.

Commission, ‘Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the operation of the European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs) and the European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS)’ COM(2014) 509 final, 14 p.

Commission Staff, ‘Commission staff working document, accompanying the document ‘Report from the European Commission to the European Parliament and Council’ on the operation of the European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs) and the European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS)’ SWD(2014) 261 final, 30 p.

Commission, ‘Public Consultation on the Review of the European System of Financial Supervision’ (2013), 26 p.

Commission, ‘A Roadmap towards a Banking Union’ COM(2012) 510 final, 10 p.

Commission, ‘Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on insurance mediation’ COM(2012) 360 final, 93 p.

Commission, ‘Communication of the Commission. European financial supervision’ COM(2009) 252 final, 17 p.

Commission, ‘Communication of the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council. Packaged Retail Investment Products’ COM(2009) 204 final, 12 p.

Commission, ‘Driving European recovery’ COM(2009) 114 final, 19 p.

Commission, ‘Review of the Lamfalussy process Strengthening supervisory convergence’ COM(2007) 727 final, 19 p.

Commission, ‘Financial services: Commission presents measures to improve regulation of banking, insurance and investment funds’ Press Release (6 November 2003), 3 p.

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Commission, ‘Implementing the framework for financial markets: action plan’ COM(1999) 232 final, 27 p.

Council of the European Union, ‘Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Prudential Supervision of Investment Firms’ (Brussels, 4 January 2019) 5022/19, 120 p.

Council of the European Union, ‘Agreed Council conclusions on Strengthening EU Financial Supervision’ (Brussels, 10 June 2009), 10862/09, 11 p.

ECON Committee, ‘Report on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Banking Authority); Regulation (EU) No 1094/2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority); Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Securities and Markets Authority); Regulation (EU) No 345/2013 on European venture capital funds; Regulation (EU) No 346/2013 on European social entrepreneurship funds; Regulation (EU) No 600/2014 on markets in financial instruments; Regulation (EU) 2015/760 on European long-term investment funds; Regulation (EU) 2016/1011 on indices used as benchmarks in financial instruments and financial contracts or to measure the performance of investment funds; Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 on the prospectus to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading on a regulated market; and (EU) Directive 2015/849 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money-laundering or terrorist financing’ (2018), 320 p.

EIOPA, ‘Opinion on supervisory convergence in light of the United Kingdom withdrawing from the European Union’ (2017), 7 p.

EIOPA, ‘EIOPA’s advice on the development of an EU Single Market for personal pension products (PPP)’ (2016), 108 p.

EIOPA, ‘Final Report on Public Consultation No. CP-15/006 on the creation of a standardised Pan- European Personal Pension product (PEPP)’ (2016), 711 p.

EIOPA, EBA and ESMA, ‘Letter to the European Commission: ESAs’ response to the intention of the European Commission to amend the draft Regulatory Technical Standards (RTS) jointly submitted by EBA, ESMA and EIOPA under Articles 8(5), 10(2) and 13(5) of Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014’ (2016), 2 p.

ESAs and SSM Chairs, ‘Reflection paper on possible elements of a Roadmap for seamless cooperation between Anti Money Laundering and Prudential Supervisors in the European Union’ (2018), 14 p.

ESMA, ‘General principles to support supervisory convergence in the context of the United Kingdom withdrawing from the European Union’ (2017), 7 p.

ESMA, EBA and EIOPA, ‘The cross-selling of financial products – request to the European Commission to address legislative inconsistencies between the banking, insurance and investment sectors’ (2016) Letter to the Commission, 3 p.

European Central Bank, ‘Review of the Lamfalussy framework’ (2007), Eurosystem contribution, 16 p.

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European Parliament, ‘Provisional legislative resolution of 16 April 2019 on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Banking Authority); Regulation (EU) No 1094/2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority); Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010 establishing a European Supervisory Authority (European Securities and Markets Authority); Regulation (EU) No 345/2013 on European venture capital funds; Regulation (EU) No 346/2013 on European social entrepreneurship funds; Regulation (EU) No 600/2014 on markets in financial instruments; Regulation (EU) 2015/760 on European long- term investment funds; Regulation (EU) 2016/1011 on indices used as benchmarks in financial instruments and financial contracts or to measure the performance of investment funds; Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 on the prospectus to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading on a regulated market; and (EU) Directive 2015/849 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money-laundering or terrorist financing (COM(2018)0646 – C8- 0409/2018 – 2017/0230(COD))’ (2019), 321 p.

European Parliament, ‘Factsheet: European System of Financial Supervision’ (2018), 5 p.

http://www.europarl.europa.eu/factsheets/en/sheet/84/european-system-of…- esfs-

European Parliamentary Research Service, ‘Financial technology (fintech): Prospects and challenges for the EU’ (2017) 12 p.

European Parliament, ‘Position of the European Parliament of 1 December 2016’,

http://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-8-2016-0458_EN.html?red…

Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities, ‘List of financial conglomerates with the head of group in the EU/EEA’ (2018), 7 p.

Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities, ‘2019 Work Programme’ (2018), 7 p.

Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities, ‘Joint Opinion on the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing affecting the Union’s financial sector’ (2017), 15 p.

Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities, ‘Towards European supervisory convergence’ (2016), 27 p.

Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities, ‘EBA, EIOPA and ESMA’s Response to the European Commission’s Call for Advice on the Fundamental Review of the Financial Conglomerates Directive’ (2012), 84 p.

Documents of the ESAs review

All answers can be retrieved from the Commissions’ website, via the following link:

https://ec.europa.eu/eusurvey/publication/esas-operations-2017?surveyla…

AIMA, ‘AIMA Response to the Public Consultation on the Operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 15 p.

AMUNDI, ‘Amundi answers to the public consultation by the European Commission on the operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 18 p.

Association française de la Gestion Financière, ‘AFG Response to EC Consultation on Operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 27 p.

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Autorité des marchés financiers, ‘Response of the French Autorité des marchés financiers (AMF) to the European Commission’s consultation on the operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 7 p.

BEUC, Review of the European Financial Supervisors: BEUC response to the Commission consultation (2017), 11 p.

BNP Paribas, ‘Public consultation on the operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 28 p.

Commission, ‘Feedback statement on the public consultation on the operations of the European Supervisory Authorities having taken place from 21 March to 16 May 2017’ (2017), 23 p.

The Division Bank and Insurance of the Austrian Federal Economic Chamber, ‘Public Consultation on the Operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 16 p.

EBA Banking Stakeholder Group, ‘Consultation on the operations of the European supervisory authorities. General Comments and Replies to Questions’ (2017), 31 p.

EBA, ‘Opinion of the European Banking Authority on the public consultation on the operation of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 6 p.

EFAMA, ‘Response to the EC Consultation on Operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 20 p.

EIOPA, ‘Consultation on the operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017) Letter to the European Commission, 3 p.

EIOPA Insurance and Reinsurance Stakeholder Group (IRSG), ‘Public consultation on the operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 28 p.

EIOPA Occupational Pensions Stakeholder Group (OPSG), ‘Public consultation on the operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 26 p.

ESMA, ‘ESMA response to the public consultation on the operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017) Letter to the European Commission, 8 p.

ESMA Securities and Markets Stakeholder Group, ‘SMSG Advice to the European Commission. Response to the Public Consultation on the Operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 12 p.

ESMA Securities and Markets Stakeholder Group, ‘SMSG contribution to the ESFS Consultation. An SMSG review of the ESA’s including a self-assessment’ (2013), 19 p.

European Savings and Retail Banking Group (ESBG), ‘ESBG response to the European Commission consultation on ESAs Operations’ (2017), 23 p.

Insurance Europe, ‘ESAs review: splitting responsibilities or losing dedicated insurance supervisor would damage quality of supervision’ Press release (16 May 2017), 2 p.

Insurance Europe, ‘Response to the European Commission’s Consultation on the Review of the European System of Financial Supervision’ (2017), 22 p.

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International Center for Insurance Regulation, ‘The Benefits of Consolidating Financial Supervision in Europe – A Plea for a Single Integrated European Supervisory Authority’ (2017) Response from the ICIR of Goethe University Frankfurt to the European Commission, 2 p.

Magyar Nemzeti Bank, ‘Comments of the Magyar Nemzeti Bank on the public consultation launched by the European Commission on the operation of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 10 p.

Paris EUROPLACE, ‘Response to the European Commission’s public consultation on the operations of the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 12 p.

The Netherlands Ministry of Finance, the Netherlands Financial Markets Authority and the Dutch Central Bank, ‘Response of the Netherlands – Public Consultation on the European Supervisory Authorities’ (2017), 34 p.

UK

Joint Committee on the draft Financial Services Bill, ‘Draft Financial Services Bill’ (2011) Parliament of Great Britain, 130 p.

HM Treasury, ‘A new approach to financial regulation: the blueprint for reform’ (2011), 408 p.

House of Lords, ‘Capital Markets Union: a welcome start’ (2015) 11th Report of Session 2014-2015, European Union Committee, 51 p.

US

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, ‘Building the CFPB: a progress report’ (2011), 32 p.

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, Pub. L. No. 111-203, 124 Stat. 1376 (2010).

Department of the Treasury, ‘Financial Regulatory Reform: A New Foundation: Rebuilding Financial Supervision and Regulation’ (2009) White Paper, 89 p.

Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission, ‘The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report. Final Report of the National Commission on the Causes of the Financial and Economic Crisis in The United States’ (2011), 634 p.

FISCHER, R. and RODRIGUEZ, E., ‘The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau: Measuring the Progress of a New Agency’ (2013) Bipartisan Policy Center, 59 p.

NEIMAN, R.H. and OLSON, M., ‘Dodd-Frank’s Missed Opportunity: A Road Map for a More Effective Regulatory Architecture’ (2014) Bipartisan Policy Center, 80 p.

PAULSON, H.M., STEEL, R.K. and NASON, D.G., ‘Blueprint for a Modernized Financial Regulatory Structure’ (2008) Report for the Department of the Treasury, 219 p.

The Volcker Alliance, ‘Reshaping The Financial Regulatory System. Long Delayed, Now Crucial’ (2015), 64 p.

United States Government Accountability Office, ‘Financial Regulation: Industry Changes Prompt Need to Reconsider U.S. Regulatory Structure’ (2004) GAO-05-61, 166 p.

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Case law

CJEU C-270/12, United Kingdom vs. European Parliament and Council of the European Union[2013] ECLI:EU:C:2013:562, Opinion of AG Jääskinen, paras 35-53.

CJEU C-270/12, United Kingdom vs. European Parliament and Council of the European Union[2014] ECLI:EU:C:2014:18.

CJEU C-9/56, Meroni v. High Authority [1958] ECR 133.

Books

ALEXANDER., K., ‘ECB and Banking Supervision: Does Single Supervisory Mechanism Provide an Effective Regulatory Framework’ in M. ANDENAS and G. DEIPENBROCK, Regulating and Supervising European Financial Markets (Springer 2016), 253-276.

ARMOUR, J. (a.o.), Principles of Financial Regulation (OUP 2016), 669 p.
ARTHUR, W.B., Increasing Returns and Path Dependence in the Economy (University of Michigan

1994), 224 p.
BENJAMIN, J., Financial Law (OUP 2007) 654 p.

BENSTON, G.J., The Separation of Commercial and Investment Banking: The Glass-Steagall Act Revisited and Reconsidered (OUP 1990), 263 p.

BLISS, R.R., ‘Multiple regulators and insolvency regimes. Obstacles to efficient supervision and resolution’ in D. MAYES and G.E. WOOD, The Structure of Financial Regulation (Routledge 2007), 132-154.

BOCCUZZI, G., The European Banking Union. Supervision and Resolution (Palgrave 2016), 219 p. BOŽINA BEROŠ, M., Agencies in European Banking: A Critical Perspective (Palgrave 2018), 99

p.

ČIHÁK, M. and PODPIERA, R., ‘Experience with Integrated Supervisors: Governance and Quality of Supervision’ in D. MASCIANDARO and M. QUINTYN (eds.), Designing Financial Supervision Institutions. Independence, Accountability and Governance (Elgar 2007), 309-341.

CHIU, I., ‘Power and Accountability in the EU Financial Regulatory Architecture: Examining Inter- Agency Relations, Agency Independence and Accountability’ in M. ANDENAS and G. DEIPENBROCK, Regulating and Supervising European Financial Markets (Springer 2016), 67- 101.

COLAERT, V., ‘European Financial Regulation: Levelling the Cross-Sectoral Playing Field. A Research Agenda’ in V. COLAERT, D. BUSCH and T. INCALZA, European Financial Regulation: Levelling the cross-sectoral playing field (Hart 2019, forthcoming), 11 p., draft available viahttps://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3153754

COLAERT, V., ‘MiFID II in Relation to Other Investor Protection Regulation: Picking Up the Crumbs of a Piecemeal Approach’ in D. BUSCH and G. FERRARINI (eds.), Regulation of the EU financial markets: MiFID II and MiFIR (OUP 2017), 587-611.

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COUSY, H. ‘Changing Insurance Contract Law: An Age-Old, Slow and Unfinished Story’ in P. MARANO and M. SIRI, Insurance Regulation in the European Union: Solvency II and Beyond,(Palgrave 2017), 31-57.

COUSY, H., ‘CDS, Swap or Insurance?’ in L. CORNELIS, Finance and Law: Twins in Trouble(Intersentia 2015), 139-158.

COUSY, H., ‘The European internal insurance market anno 2003’ in D. HEREMANS, S. PROOST, J. STUYCK and E. TERRYN (eds.), Current Developments in Financial Integration. Financial Services Transport Policy (Leuven University Press 2004), 91-114.

DEIPENBROCK, G., ‘The European Securities and Markets Authority and Its Regulatory Mission: A Plea for Steering a Middle Course’ in M. ANDENAS and G. DEIPENBROCK, Regulating and Supervising European Financial Markets (Springer 2016), 13-41.

DI NOIA, C. and FURLO, M.C., ‘The new structure of financial supervision in Europe: what’s next?’ in E. WYMEERSCH, K. HOPT and G. FERRARINI, Financial Regulation and Supervision: A post- crisis analysis (OUP 2012), 172-192.

DRAGOMIR, L., European Prudential Banking Regulation and Supervision: the legal dimension(Routledge 2010), 418 p.

FAWCETT, A.C., ‘Examining the Objectives of Financial Regulation’ in E. FERRAN and C. GOODHART, Regulating Financial Services and Markets in the Twenty First Century (Hart 2001), 37-56.

FERRAN, E., ‘Understanding the new institutional architecture of EU financial market supervision’ in E. WYMEERSCH, K. HOPT and G. FERRARINI, Financial Regulation and Supervision: A post- crisis analysis (OUP 2012), 111-158.

FERRAN, E., Building an EU Securities Market (CUP 2004), 304 p.
ERDÉLYI, O.J., Twin Peaks for Europe: State-of-the-Art Financial Supervisory Consolidation.

Rethinking the Group Support Regime Under Solvency II (Springer 2015), 262 p.

GENETAY, N. and MOLYNEUX, P., Bancassurance (Macmillan 1998), 270 p.

GODDARD, J., MOLYNEUX, P. and WILSON, J., ‘Banking in the European Union: Deregulation, Crisis and Renewal’ in A. BERGER, P. MOLYNEUX and J. WILSON (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Banking (2nd edn, OUP 2015), 849-873.

GORTSOS, C.V., ‘The Role of the European Banking Authority (EBA) After the Establishment of the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM)’ in M. ANDENAS and G. DEIPENBROCK, Regulating and Supervising European Financial Markets (Springer 2016), 277-297.

HANSEN, J.L., ‘A Path-dependent Route towards a Single Financial Regulator: The Experience of Denmark’, in M. ANDENAS and Y. AVGERINOS, Financial Markets in Europe: Towards a Single Regulator? (Kluwer 2003), 447-456.

HARDY, M., Investment Guarantees: Modeling and Risk Management for Equity-Linked Life Insurance (John Wiley & Sons 2003), 286 p.

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HELLWEGE, P., ‘A Comparative History of Insurance Law in Europe’ in P. HELLWEGE, A Comparative History of Insurance Law in Europe. A Research Agenda (Duncker & Humblot 2018), 223-230.

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Research papers, working papers and studies

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Financial Services Authority, ‘The Turner Report: A regulatory response to the global banking crisis’ (2009), 122 p.

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High-Level Group on Financial Supervision in The EU, ‘de Larosière report’ (2009) (“de Larosière report”)
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Inter-Institutional Monitoring Group, ‘Final Report Monitoring the Lamfalussy Process’ (2007), 31 p.

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IOSCO, ‘International Equity Offers. Summary of reports’ (1989), 16 p.

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JUNCKER, J.-C., TUSK, D., DIJSSELBLOEM, J., DRAGHI, M. SCHULZ, M. ‘Completing Europe’s Economic and Monetary Union’ (2015), 24 p. (‘The Five Presidents’ Report’).

LAMFALUSSY, A. e.a., ‘Final report of the committee of wise men on the regulation of European securities markets’ (2001), 115 p.

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STUPAK J.M., ‘Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC): Structure and Activities’ (2018) Congressial Research Service Report, 13 p.

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Whitepapers

Banco de Portugal, ‘White Paper on the regulation and supervision of the financial system’ (2016), 148 p.

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Dictionary

Oxford English Dictionary, Second edition, 1989; online version December 2018.

Blogposts/contributions/commentary/letters/policy briefs/speeches/statements

ALEXANDER, K., ‘Mis-selling of Financial Products: Marketing, Sale and Distribution’ (2018) Study for the ECON Committee, 39 p.

ANGELONI, I., ‘The Single Supervisory Mechanism: were expectations fulfilled?’ (Frankfurt, 22 November 2018) Speech at the Fifth Conference on the Banking Union,https://www.bankingsupervision.europa.eu/press/speeches/date/2018/html/…

BARAN A.-K. and VAN ROOSEBEKE, B., ‘Review of the European Supervisory Authorities: 12 Recommendations’ (2014) CEP Input 04, 23 p.

Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, ‘Principles for effective supervisory colleges’ (2014) Bank for International Settlements, 30 p.

Better Finance, ‘A major enforcement issue: the mis-selling of financial products’ (2017), Briefing Paper, 36 p.

BEUC, Better Finance, Finance Watch, AGE Platform Europe and COFACE Families Europe, ‘Reform of the European Supervisory Authorities and financial consumer protection’ (2019) Letter to the Council, 2 p.

BEUC, ‘Fintech: A More Competitive and Innovative European Financial Sector. BEUC Response to Commission Consultation (2017), 14 p.

BEUC, Better Finance, Finance Watch, AGE Platform Europe, EFIN and COFACE Families Europe, ‘Proposal for the EU financial supervisory reform’ (2017) Open letter, 6 p.

CARRIER, A., ‘Member States to continue discussions over controversial ESAs review proposal’ (2018), Blogpost Norton Rose Fulbright, https://www.regulationtomorrow.com/eu/member-states- to-continue-discussions-over-controversial-esas-review-proposal/

DE GRAUWE, P., ‘The Banking Crisis: Causes, Consequences and Remedies’ (2008) CEPS Policy brief 178, 12 p.

DEMARIGNY, F. and LANNOO, K., ‘Navigating the minefield of the ESA review’ (2018) European Capital Markets Institute Commentary 49, 5 p.

DEMERTZIS, M., MERLER, S. and WOLFF, G.B., ‘Capital Markets Union and the fintech opportunity’ (2017) Bruegel Policy Contribution 22, 17 p.

ENRIA, A., ‘The Single Market after the Banking Union’ (Brussels, 18 November 2013) Lecture at the AFME and EBF Banking Union in Europe Conference, 13 p.

FALLESEN, I.-M., ‘The Challenges of the EU Banking Union – will it succeed in dealing with the next financial crisis?’ (2015) Bruges European Economic Policy Briefings 36, 33 p.

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FEDERLE, M., ‘The CMU initiative: Is a hard Brexit really an option?’ (2018) Politheor: European Policy Network, https://politheor.net/the-cmu-initiative-is-a-hard-brexit-really-an-opt….

Financial Services User Group, ‘Responsible Consumer Credit Lending. FSUG opinion and recommendations for the review of the Consumer Credit Directive’ (2019), 24 p.

Financial Services User Group, ‘Proposal for the EU financial supervisory reform’ (2018) Open letter, 4 p.

Insurance Europe, ‘Why insurers differ from banks’ (2014), 67 p.

HENRY, I., ‘CRD IV and Solvency II: an executive Summary’ (2012) British Bankers’ Association, 3 p.

HILL, J., ‘Bringing financial services back to the people they serve’ (Frankfurt am Main, 3 June 2015) Keynote speech at the 3rd Joint ESAs Consumer Protection Day, 11 p.

HUFELD, F. ‘Review of the European System of Financial Supervision’ (Brussels, 27 February 2018) Statement at the Public Hearing, European Parliament (ECON Committee),https://www.bafin.de/SharedDocs/V eroeffentlichungen/EN/Reden/re_180227_ESAReview_p_en. html.

HUIZINGA, H., ‘The supervisory approach to anti-money laundering: an analysis of the Joint Working Group’s reflection paper’, (2018) study for the ECON committee, 19 p.

KORPAS, A. and MAGNUS, M., ‘The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS): A De Facto Standard Setter in Banking Legislation’ (2017) Briefing of the European Parliament, 9 p.

KRAHNEN, J.P., ‘On the European Commission’s Proposal for a Structural Reform of Banking’ (2014) Sustainable Architecture for Finance in Europe (SAFE) Press Article, 3 p.

LANNOO, K., ‘The Roadmap to Banking Union: a call for consistency’ (2012) CEPS Commentary, 9 p.

LANNOO, K., ‘Financial supervision is not well served by half-baked solutions’ (2008) CEPS Commentary, 2 p.

LIEBSCHER, K., ‘Financial deregulation in the EU – chances and challenges for financial stability’ (Innsbruck, 18 November 2005), Speech at the Fifth Annual CSI Conference “New Agenda of the WTO: Challenge and Contribution of the European Union”, 5 p.

MAIJOOR, S. ‘Brexit – the regulatory challenges’ (Dublin, 13 February 2019) Speech at the European Financial Forum, 7 p.

MAIJOOR, S., ‘[Closing keynote on progress made in achieving the Capital Markets Union]’ (Brussels, 11 April 2017) Speech at CMU Mid-Term Review Public Hearing Speech, 10 p.

MAIJOOR, S., [‘Topics on the agenda of the Joint ESAs Consumer Protection Day’] (Frankfurt Am Main, 3 June 2015), Opening speech at the 3rd Joint ESAs Consumer Protection Day, 4 p.

MULDER, J., ‘Let’s Build a European Financial Consumer Authority in Paris’ (2017) Blogpost for Better Europe, https://www.bettereurope.eu/2017/05/efca-paris/

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NOUY, D., ‘Too much of a good thing? The need for consolidation in the European banking sector’ (Madrid, 27 September 2017) Speech at the VIII Financial Forum,https://www.bankingsupervision.europa.eu/press/speeches/date/2017/html/…

PISANI-FERRY, J., SAPIR, A., VÉRON, N. and WOLFF, G.B., ‘What Kind of European Banking Union?’ (2012) Bruegel Policy Contribution 12, 20 p.

RESTOY, F., ‘The organisation of financial supervision’ (Madrid, 18 January 2016) Speech at the presentation of the “Guide to the Spanish Financial System”, 6 p.

ROLDÁN, J.M., ‘Integrated Supervision of Financial Conglomerates: Challenges for the Future’ (Amsterdam, 12 May 2005) Speech at the conference “Integrated Supervision of Financial Conglomerates: Challenges”, 3 p.

ROSS, V., ‘Towards a genuine single European financial market – the role of regulation and supervision’ (Lisbon, 6 June 2018), Statement at the CIRSF Annual International Conference, 8 p.

SAPIR, A., SCHOENMAKER, D. and VERON, N., ‘Making the best of Brexit for the EU27 financial system’ (2017) Policy Contribution Issue 1, 8 p.

SCHOENMAKER, D. and VÉRON, N., ‘A ‘twin peaks’ vision for Europe’ (2017) Bruegel Policy Contribution 30, 10 p.

SCHOENMAKER, D. and VERON, N., ‘EBA relocation should support a long-term ‘twin peaks’ vision’ (2017) Bruegel blog post, http://bruegel.org/2017/04/eba-relocation-should-support-a-long- term-twin-peaks-vision/

SCHOENMAKER, D., ‘Stealing London’s financial crown would bring both benefits and responsibilities’ (2016) Bruegel blog post, http://bruegel.org/2016/11/stealing-londons-financial- crown-would-bring-both-benefits-and-responsibilities/

TEMPLER, L., ‘First Banking Union, then ‘Brexit’: Is the EBA dead?’ (2017) Regulation-Y blogpost, https://regulation-y.com/2017/03/31/first-the-ssm-then-brexit-is-the-eb…

The Greens/European Free Alliance, ‘Danske Bank: European Commission must now investigate money laundering scandal after EU Member States have put the brakes on the EBA’ (2019),https://sven-giegold.de/danske-bank-european-commission-must-now-invest…

The Greens/European Free Alliance, ‘Supervisory hearing: ESMA and EIOPA are doing nothing to fight money laundering’ (2018), https://sven-giegold.de/esma-eiopa-money-laundering/

The Greens/European Free Alliance, ‘European supervisory authorities trilog conclusion: EU governments including Germany prevent much needed fundamental governance overhaul’ (2019),https://sven-giegold.de/supervisory-authorities-conclusion/

The Netherlands Ministry of Finance, the Netherlands Financial Markets Authority and the Dutch Central Bank, ‘Response of the Netherlands – European Commission Green Paper – Building a Capital Markets Union’ (2015), 36 p., https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/blg-516145.pdf.

TONVERONACHI, M., ‘The ECB and the Single European Financial Market: a Proposal to Repair Half of a Flawed Design’ (2014) Levy Economics Institute of Bard College Public Policy Brief 137, 13 p.

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News sites/news articles/interviews

BERÉS, P. ‘First step towards ‘twin peaks’ model of financial supervision’ (2010)

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BINHAM, C. and ARNOLD, M., ‘Europe’s banking watchdog warns on wave of dirty money’ Financial Times (London, 10 June 2019), https://www.ft.com/content/fecc4006-8b59-11e9-a24d- b42f641eca37

BINI SMAGHI, L., ‘Europe cannot ignore its financial trilemma’ Financial Times (London, 21 June 2009), https://www.ft.com/content/068622e0-5e8c-11de-91ad-00144feabdc0

CONTIGUGLIA, C., ‘EU agency staff who don’t want to leave London set to miss out on benefits’ Politico (Brussels, 8 July 2017), https://www.politico.eu/article/ema-eba-staff-london-benefits/

DAVIES, H.,‘Was the financial crisis wasted?’ The Guardian (London, 30 Augustus 2018),

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DAWSON, G., ‘It’s time the City – and the UK – show support for a capital markets union’ City AM (London, 18 February 2015), http://www.cityam.com/209755/it-s-time-city-and-uk-show-support- capital-markets-union

GARSIDE, J., ‘Is money-laundering scandal at Danske Bank the largest in history?’ The Guardian (London, 21 September 2018), https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/sep/21/is-money- laundering-scandal-at-danske-bank-the-largest-in-history.

GUARASCIO, F. and STRUPCZEWSKI, J., ‘ECB’s Coeuré says EU should have agency to fight money laundering’ Reuters (London, 7 September 2018), https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu- banks-moneylaundering/ecb-calls-for-eu-agency-to-combat-money-laundering-idUSKCN1LN1KZ.

IRWIN, D. and JOHNSON, C., ‘Long Fight Ahead for Treasury Blueprint; Consumer Groups, Agencies Criticize Regulatory Overhaul’ The Washington Post (Washington, 30 March 2008), accessed via Proquest,https://searchproquestcom.kuleuven.ezproxy.kuleuven.be/docview/41018771… 3PQ/6?accountid=17215&fbclid=IwAR2W oNDWfNoJQ6YSRegoGfw78O0GgoLzy4QWgEuRC C_xB1vJ2iwrszK5ITI.

KALETA, P., ‘Q and A with Pervenche Berès’ (2018), https://www.pervencheberes.fr/?p=12449.

JONES, H., ‘Paris neck-and-neck with Frankfurt in Brexit race: French lobbyist’ Reuters (Paris, 15 February 2018), https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-eu-banks/paris-neck-and-neck…- frankfurt-in-brexit-race-french-lobbyist-idUSKCN1FZ234.

KEATINGE, T., ‘Cross-border money laundering cannot be fought with domestic tools’ Financial Times (London, 10 September 2018), https://www.ft.com/content/0397fc40-b281-11e8-87e0- d84e0d934341.

LABATON, S., ‘Parts of U.S. Treasury plan are said to have no hope of survival’ The New York Times (New York, 1 April 2008)https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/01/business/worldbusiness/01iht-regulat….

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MAXWELL, F. and SMITH-MEYER, B., ‘Frankfurt’s plan to snatch EU bank regulator from London’ PoliticoPro (Brussels, 21 March 2017), https://www.politico.eu/pro/frankfurts-plan-to- snatch-eu-bank-regulator-from-london/.

SMYTH, P., ‘Paris pips Dublin in race to win post-Brexit European Banking Authority’ The Irish Times (Brussels, 20 November 2017), https://www.irishtimes.com/business/economy/paris-pips- dublin-in-race-to-win-post-brexit-european-banking-authority-1.3298881.

THOMPSON, J., ‘Fears mount over mis-selling of ESG-labelled products’ Financial Times (London, 20 January 2019), https://www.ft.com/content/2d3f7683-65a6-3171-8cbb-66ff5ab34405.

VALERO, J., ‘EU watchdog gains new powers to fight money launderers’ (2019) Euractiv article,

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WILLIAMSON, E., ‘Political Pendulum Swings Toward Stricter Regulation’ The Wall Street Journal (New York, 24 March 2008), https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB120631764481458291.

X [author unknown], ‘EBA Nominee Sees Need for ‘More Integration’ on AML’ (2019),https://www.riskscreen.com/kyc360/news/eba-nominee-sees-need-for-more-i….

Thesis

VAN CLEYNENBREUGEL, P., ‘From Shared Competences to Institutional Heteronomy. The Constitutional Architecture of Supranationally Structured Market Supervision’ (PhD thesis Catholic University of Leuven 2013), 484 p.

V aria
On the definition of money laundering, https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/what-we-

do/policies/organized-crime-and-human-trafficking/money-laundering_en.
Diagram concerning the prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing across the EU,

https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/diagram_aml_2018.07_ok.pdf.

ECON Committee, ‘Public hearing in Financial Supervision in the EU’, statement by Jacques de Larosière (Brussels, 27 February 2018), http://www.europarl.europa.eu/ep- live/en/committees/video?event=20180226-1500-COMMITTEE-ECON.

EIOPA, ‘List of Members and Observers of the EIOPA Board of Supervisors’ (2019),

https://eiopa.europa.eu/Publications/Administrative/BoS%20of%20EIOPA%20… f.

Infographic concerning the EU agencies relocation, available on the European Council’s website,

https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/infographics/eu-relocation-agencies/.

List of ‘foreign supervisory authorities’ published on the website of the German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin),https://www.bafin.de/EN/Internationales/BilateraleZusammenarbeit/Auslae… ndischeaufsicht_node_en.html.