De Klimaatcrisis voor de Rechter: Doorbraken in Wetenschap en Rechtspraak

Bibliography

Primary sources

German Civil Code (Bürgerliche Gesetzbuch) (DE) <https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/bgb/> accessed 14 August 2022

Swiss Civil Code (Schweizerisches Zivilgesetzbuch) (CH) <https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/24/233_245_233/de> accessed 25 April 2023

Federal Act on the Amendment of the Swiss Civil Code (part five: The Code of Obligations) (Bundesgesetzbetreffend die Ergänzung des Schweizerischen Zivilgesetzbuches (Fünfter Teil: Obligationenrecht) (CH) <https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/27/317_321_377/de> accessed 25 April 2023

Swiss Civil Procedure Code (Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung) (CH) <https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/2010/262/en#part_2/tit_1/chap_2> accessed 25 April 2023

Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act, 84 Stat. 922-3 (1970)

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, 42 U.S.C. §§ 9601-9675 (2012)

Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (European Convention on Human Rights, as amended) (ECHR) 

Cases

Cases studied

Native Village of Kivalina v ExxonMobil Corp

• Native Village of Kivalina v ExxonMobil Corp, 663 F. Supp. 2d 863, 883 (N.D. Cal 2009)
• Native Village of Kivalina v ExxonMobil Corp, 663 F. Supp. 2d 863, 883 (N.D. Cal 2009) Complaint
• Native Village of Kivalina v ExxonMobil Corp, 663 F. Supp. 2d 863, 883 (N.D. Cal 2009), aff’d, 696 F.3d 849 (9th Cir 2012)
• Native Village of Kivalina v ExxonMobil Corp, 696 F.3d 849, 853 (9th Cir 2012), cert. denied, 569 US (No. 12 1072)
• Native Village of Kivalina v ExxonMobil Corp, 696 F.3d 849, 853 (9th Cir 2012), cert. denied, 569 US (No. 12 1072) Petition for a writ of certiorari
• Native Village of Kivalina v ExxonMobil Corp, 696 F.3d 849, 853 (9th Cir 2012), cert. denied, 569 US (No. 12 1072) Brief in Opposition

Lliuya v RWE

• Lliuya v RWE, Essen Regional Court (DE) Case No 2 O 285/15 
• Lliuya v RWE, Essen Regional Court (DE) Case No 2 O 285/15, Complaint (unofficial English translation)
• Lliuya v RWE, Essen Regional Court (DE) Case No 2 O 285/15, Summary of the submission of the defendant’s legal counsel (unofficial English summary)
• Lliuya v RWE, Essen Regional Court (DE) Case No 2 O 285/15, plaintiff's written submission after oral proceedings (unofficial English translation)
• Lliuya v RWE, Oberlandesgericht Hamm (DE) Az. 5 U 15/17 OLG Hamm, Hinweis und Beweisbeschluss 30 November 2017
• Lliuya v RWE, Oberlandesgericht Hamm (DE) Az. 5 U 15/17 OLG Hamm, Order 7 February 2018 (unofficial English translation)
• Lliuya v RWE, Oberlandesgericht Hamm (DE) Az. 5 U 15/17 OLG Hamm, Order 27 February 2021 (unofficial English translation)
• Lliuya v RWE, Oberlandesgericht Hamm (DE) Az. 5 U 15/17 OLG Hamm, Grounds of appeal (unofficial English translation)
• Lliuya v RWE, Oberlandesgericht Hamm (DE) Az. 5 U 15/17 OLG Hamm, Response to the appeal of appeal (unofficial English summary)
• Lliuya v RWE, Oberlandesgericht Hamm (DE) Az. 5 U 15/17 OLG Hamm, a
• Appellant's written submission (unofficial English translation)
• Lliuya v RWE, Oberlandesgericht Hamm (DE) Az. 5 U 15/17 OLG Hamm, respondent's written submission (unofficial English summary)
• Lliuya v RWE, Oberlandesgericht Hamm (DE) Az. 5 U 15/17 OLG Hamm, respondent's written submission after oral proceedings  (unofficial English summary)
• Lliuya v RWE, Oberlandesgericht Hamm (DE) Az. 5 U 15/17 OLG Hamm, Plaintiff’s letter 29 September 2018 (unofficial English summary)

 

Municipalities of Puerto Rico v Exxon Mobil Corp

• Municipalities of Puerto Rico v Exxon Mobil Corp, 3:22-cv-01550 (D.P.R. 2022), Complaint 
• Municipalities of Puerto Rico v Exxon Mobil Corp, 3:22-cv-01550 (D.P.R. 2022), Exhibits 1-15

Asmania et al v Holcim

• Asmania et al v Holcim, Kantonsgericht Zug (CH) 2023, Complaint (shared confidentially)

Other cited cased

 

British Columbia Saw-Mill Co v Nettleship, [1868] LR 3 CP 499

Donoghue v Stevens [1931] UKHL 3, 1932 SC (HL) 31, [1932] UKHL 100, [1932] AC 562, 580

McGhee v National Coal Board [1973] 1 W.L.R. 1, [1956] 1 All ER 615 HL(Sc)

Sindell v Abbott Laboratories, 26 Cal. 3d 588 (1980)

Fairchild v Glenhaven Funeral Services Ltd [2003] 1 AC 32

Daubert v Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals Inc, 509 US 579, 23 ELR 20979 (1993)

Massachusetts v EPA, 549 U.S. 497 (2007)

Comer v Murphy Oil USA Inc, 607 F.3d 1049 (5th Cir 2010)

Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay (Argentina v Uruguay) (Judgment) [2010] ICJ Rep 14 (Pulp Mills) 

Klimaatzaak Urgenda, Rb Den Haag (NL) 24 June 2015 nr C/09/456689/HA ZA 13-1396 ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2015:7145

Klimaatzaak Urgenda, Hoge Raad (NL) 20 december 2019 nr. 19/00135, ECLI:NL:HR:2019:2006

Verein KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz et al v Eidgenössisches Departement für Umwelt, Verkehr, Energie und Kommunikation UVEK, BundesverwaItungsgericht (CH) 27 November 2018, Gesuch um Erlass einer Verfügung

Smith v. Fonterra Co-Operative Group Limited,  [2020] NZHC 419

Commune de Grande-Synthe Conseil d'État (FR) 19 November 2020 427301 ECLI:FR:CECHR:2020:427301.20201119 <https://www.conseil-etat.fr/fr/arianeweb/CE/decision/2020-11-19/427301>

Commune de Grande-Synthe Conseil d'État (FR) 1 July 2021 427301 ECLI:FR:CECHR:2021:427301.20210701 <https://www.conseil-etat.fr/fr/arianeweb/CE/decision/2021-07-01/427301>

Milieudefensie et al v Royal Dutch Shell , Rb Den Haag (NL) 26 May 2021 nr C/09/571932/HA ZA 19-379 ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2021:5337

Commission on Human Rights of the Philippines, ‘National Inquiry on Climate Change Report’ (Commission on Human Rights of the Philippines 2022) <https://chr.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/CHRP_National-Inquiry-on-Climate-Change-Report.pdf> accessed 11 May 2023

Neubauer et al v Germany, BVerfG Beschluss des Ersten Senats 24 March 2021, 1 BvR 2656/18—paras 1–270 <www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/SharedDocs/Entscheidungen/DE/2021/03/rs20210324_1bvr265618.html> accessed 4 January 2023

 

Books

Aristova E and O’Regan C (eds), Civil Liability for Human Rights Violations: A Handbook for Practitioners (Bonavero Institute for Human Rights 2022) 

Baetens D, Logicaboek - praktijk en theorie van het redeneren (3rd edn, Garant 2004)

Bocken H, Boone I and Kruithof M, Inleiding tot het Schadevergoedingsrecht (Die Keure 2014)

Cox RHJ, Revolutie met recht (Stichting Planet Prosperity Foundation 2011)

Cullinan C, Wild Law. A Manifesto for Earth Justice (2nd edition, Green Books 2011) 

du Sautoy M, What we cannot know. From consciousness to the cosmos, the cutting edge of science explained (paperback edn, 4th Estate 2017)

Expert Group on Global Climate Obligations, Oslo Principles on Global Climate Obligations (Eleven International Publishing 2015)

Foster C, Science and the Precautionary Principle in International Courts and Tribunals. Expert Evidence, Burden of Proof and Finality (Cambridge University Press 2011)

Hart HLA and Honoré T, Causation in the Law (2nd edition, Oxford University Press 1985) 

Hardyns W, Onderzoeksmethoden (coursebook for bachelor of Laws, Universiteit Gent 2017)

Ho HL, A philosophy of Evidence Law. Justice in Search for truth (Oxford University Press 2008)

Kahneman D, Thinking, Fast and Slow (Farrar, Straus and Giroux 2011) see also 

Lord R, Goldberg S, Rajamani L and BrunnéeJ (eds), Climate Change Liability: Transnational Law and Practice (Cambridge University Press 2011)

Masson-Delmotte V and others (eds), Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge University Press 2021)

Mechler R and others (eds), Loss and Damage from Climate Change - Concepts, Methods and Policy Options (Springer Open 2019)

Patrick Glenn H, Legal Traditions of the World: Sustainable diversity in law (5th edn, Oxford University Press 2014) 

Pirie F, The Rule of Laws (1st paperback edn, Profile Books 2022)

Schoukens H and Billiet CM (eds), Klimaatrechtspraak. Waarom rechters het klimaat (niet) zullen redden, (die Keure 2021)

Sulyok K, Science and Judicial Reasoning: the legitimacy of international environmental adjudication (Cambridge University Press 2021)

Porat A and Stein A, Tort liability under uncertainty (1st edn, Oxford University Press 2002)

Taleb N, The Black Swan (Penguin 2007)

Thomas V, Risk and Resilience in the Era of Climate Change (Palgrave Macmillan Singapore 2023)

Van den Wyngaert C and Vandromme S, Strafrecht en strafprocesrecht in hoofdlijnen (11th edition, Gompel&Svacina 2019)

Van Quickenborne M, Oorzakelijk verband tussen onrechtmatige daad en schade (Recht en Praktijk 47, Kluwer 2006) 

World Resources Institute and World Business Council for Sustainable Development, The Greenhouse Gas Protocol, a corporate accounting and reporting standard (2004) <https://ghgprotocol.org/sites/default/files/standards/ghg-protocol-revised.pdf> accessed 25 April 2023

 

Book chapters

 

Allen M, ‘The scientific basis for climate change liability’ in Lord R, Goldberg S, Rajamani L and Brunnée J Climate change liability. Transnational Law and Practice (Cambridge University Press 2012)

Alogna I, 'The Circulation of Legal Models: Towards the Evolution of Environmental Law' in Sancin V and Kovič Dine M (eds), International Environmental Law: Contemporary Concerns and Challenges in 2014 (GV Publishing 2014) 

Dembour MB, ‘A Dissecting Method of Analysis’ in When Humans Become Migrants. Study of the European Court of Human Rights with an Inter-American Counterpoint (Oxford University Press 2015)

Fleurke F, 'Catastrophic Climate Change, Precaution, and the Risk/Risk Dilemma' in Ambrus M, Rayfuse R and Werner W (eds), Risk and the Regulation of Uncertainty in International Law (Oxford University Press 2017)

IPCC, ‘Summary for Policymakers’ in V Masson-Delmotte and others (eds), Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge University Press 2021)

IPCC, ‘Summary for Policymakers’ in HO Pörtner and others (eds), Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge University Press 2022)

IPCC, ‘Summary for Policymakers’ in PR Shukla and others (eds), Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change  (Cambridge University Press 2022)

Kobylarz N, ‘The European Court of Human Rights: An Underrated Forum for Environmental Litigation’ in Helle Tegner Anker and Birgitte Egelund Olsen (eds), Sustainable Management of Natural Resources: Legal Instruments and Approaches, vol 5 (Intersentia 2018)

Kruithof M, ‘Oorzaak of aanleiding? Geen causaal verband zonder causale bijdrage’ in T Vansweevelt and B Weyts (eds), Actuele ontwikkelingen in het aansprakelijkheidsrecht en verzekeringsrecht (Intersentia 2015)

Michaels R, ‘The Functional Method of Comparative Law’ in R Mathias and R Zimmermann (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Law (Oxford Academic 2006) 

Paiement P, 'Reimagining the Energy Corporation: Milieudefensie and Others v Royal Dutch Shell Plc' in D Dam-de Jong and F Amtenbrink (eds), Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 2021: A Greener International Law—International Legal Responses to the Global Environmental Crisis (T.M.C. Asser Press 2023)

Venn A, 'Legal Claims for Reparation of Loss and Damage' in Zahar A and Mayer B (eds), Debating Climate Law (Cambridge University Press 2021) 

Dąbrowska-Kłosińska P, ‘Risk, Precaution and Scientific Complexity before the Court of Justice of the European Union’ in Gruszczynski L and Werner W (eds), Deference in International Courts and Tribunals: Standard of Review and Margin of Appreciation (Oxford University Press 2014)

 

Journal Articles

 

Climate science

Clarke B and others, ‘Extreme weather impacts of climate change: an attribution perspective‘ 2022 Environmental Res: Climate 1 012001

Den Elzen MGJ and others, ‘Countries’ Contributions to Climate Change: Effect of Accounting for All Greenhouse Gases, Recent Trends, Basic Needs and Technological Progress’ (2013) 121 Climatic Change 397

Ebi KL and others, 'Using Detection And Attribution To Quantify How Climate Change Is Affecting Health' (2020) 39 Health Affairs 2168

Ekwurzel B and others, ‘The Rise in Global Atmospheric CO2, Surface Temperature, and Sea Level from Emissions Traced to Major Carbon Producers’ (2017) 144 Climatic Change 579 

Frame DJ and others, 'Climate change attribution and the economic costs of extreme weather events: a study on damages from extreme rainfall and drought' (2020) 162 Climatic Change 781

Gourevitch JD and others, ‘Unpriced Climate Risk and the Potential Consequences of Overvaluation in US Housing Markets’ (2023) 13 Nature Climate Change 250

Hannart A and others, ‘Causal Counterfactual Theory for the Attribution of Weather and Climate-related Events’ (2016) 97 Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99

Harrington LJ and Otto FEL, 'Attributable damage liability in a non-linear climate' (2019) 153 Climatic Change 15

Harrington LJ, Schleussner CF and Otto FEL, 'Quantifying uncertainty in aggregated climate change risk assessments' (2021) 12 Nature Communications 7140

Hausfather Z and others, 'Evaluating the Performance of Past Climate Model Projections' (2020) 47 Geophysical Research Letters e2019GL085378

Helgeson C, Bradley R and Hill B, 'Combining probability with qualitative degree-of-certainty metrics in assessment' (2018) 149 Climatic Change 517

Huggel C and others, ‘Anthropogenic Climate Change and Glacier Lake Outburst Flood Risk: Local and Global Drivers and Responsibilities for the Case of Lake Palcacocha, Peru’ (2020) 20 Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 2175

Kause A and others, 'Confidence levels and likelihood terms in IPCC reports: a survey of experts from different scientific disciplines' (2022) 173 Climatic Change 2

Keellings D and Hernández Ayala JJ, 'Extreme Rainfall Associated With Hurricane Maria Over Puerto Rico and Its Connections to Climate Variability and Change' (2019) 46 Geophysical Research Letters 2964

Kishore N and others, ‘Mortality in Puerto Rico After Hurricane Maria’ (2018) 379 New England Journal of Medicine 162 

Lewis SC and others, ‘Assessing Contributions of Major Emitters' Paris‐era Decisions to Future Temperature Extremes’ (2019) 46 Geophysical Research Letters 3936

Li S and Otto F, ‘The Role of Human-induced Climate Change in Heavy Rainfall Events Such as the One Associated with Typhoon Hagibis’ (2022) 172 Climatic Change

Lott FC and others, ‘Quantifying the Contribution of an Individual to Making Extreme Weather Events More Likely’ (2021) 16 Environmental Research Letters 104040

Motschmann A and others, 'Losses and damages connected to glacier retreat in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru' (2020) 162 Climatic Change 837

Otto FEL and others, ‘Toward an Inventory of the Impacts of Human-induced Climate Change’ (2020) 101 Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society E1972

Otto F and others, ‘How to Provide Useful Attribution Statements: Lessons Learned from Operationalizing Event Attribution in Europe’ in Explaining Extremes of 2020 from a Climate Perspective (a supplement to Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 103 (3), <https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0236.1>) S21-S25

Skeie RB et al, ‘Perspective has a strong effect on the calculation of historical contributions to global warming‘ 2017 Environ Res Lett 12 024022

Stott PA and others, ‘Detection and Attribution of Climate Change: A Regional Perspective’ (2010) 1 WIREs Climate Change 192

Stuart-Smith RF and others, 'Increased outburst flood hazard from Lake Palcacocha due to human-induced glacier retreat' (2021) 14 Nature Geoscience 85

Supran G, Rahmstorf S and Oreskes N, 'Assessing ExxonMobil’s global warming projections' (2023) 379 Science eabk0063

Thompson V and others, ‘The Most At-risk Regions in the World for High-impact Heatwaves’ (2023) 14 Nature Communications, article number 2152

White RH and others, 'The unprecedented Pacific Northwest heatwave of June 2021' (2023) 14 Nature Communications 727

 

Jurisprudence

 

Akhtar Z, ‘Greenhouse Gas Emissions, “Event Attribution” and Locus Standi in Foreign Courts’, (2020) 50 Environmental Policy and Law 50 309

Alicke MD and others, 'Causal Conceptions in Social Explanation and Moral Evaluation: A Historical Tour' (2015) 10 Perspectives on Psychological Science 790

Arkush D and Braman D, ‘Climate Homicide: Prosecuting Big Oil For Climate Deaths’ (2024) 48 1 Harvard Environmental Law Review (forthcoming) <http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4335779> accessed 29 March 2023

Bach‐Y‐Rita P, ‘The Causal Mechanism Theory of Legal Causation’ (2021) 34 Ratio Juris 57

Barnes K, ‘Democratizing Climate Change: Litigation for the Era of Extreme Weather’ (2019) 50 U Pac L Rev 651

Burger M, Wentz J and Horton R, 'The Law and Science of Climate Change Attribution' (2021) 51 Envtl L Rep 10646

Calabresi G, ‘Concerning Cause and the Law of Torts: An Essay for Harry Kalven, Jr.’ (1975) 43 U Chi L Rev 69

Carpenter C, ‘Concurrent causation’ (1935) 83 U Penn L Rev 8 941

Chatzinerantis A and Appel M, ‘Climate Change Litigation – The Liability of CO2-Emitters under German Law’, 2019 13 Carbon & Climate Law Review 280

Drenovak-Ivanovic M, 'Standing in Environmental Law after Urgenda, Juliana and COVID-19 Crises: Who Should Force Governments to Act in Environmental Issues Related to Climate Change?' (2020) 4 ECLIC 3

Ennockl D, 'Climate Change Litigation in Austria and Germany: Climate Change Litigation in Germany and Austria - Recent Developments' (2020) 2020 CCLR 306

Ezer T and Patel P, ‘Strategic Litigation to Advance Public Health’ (2018) 20 Health and Human Rights Journal 149

Foster CE, 'Novel climate tort? The New Zealand Court of Appeal decision in Smith v Fonterra Co-operative Group Limited and others' (2022) 24 Environmental Law Review 224

Frier BW, 'Prototypical Causation in Roman Law' (1988) 34 Loy L Rev 485

Ganguly G, Setzer J and Heyvaert V, 'If at First You Don’t Succeed: Suing Corporations for Climate Change' (2018) 38 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 841

Garnett K, ‘Nieuwigheid, onwetendheid en het onbekende: onzekere wetenschap en de “grenzen van de wetenschap”-doctrine’, 4 TOO 2021 293

Gilles S, 'Causation and Responsibility after Coase, Calabresi and Coleman' (1996) 16 QLR 255, 25

Grossman DA, 'Warming up to a Not-So-Radical Idea: Tort-Based Climate Change Litigation' (2003) 28 Colum J Envtl L 1

Haack S, 'What's Wrong with Litigation-Driven Science - An Essay in Legal Epistemology' (2008) 38 Seton Hall L Rev 1053

Harvard Law Review, ‘Rethinking actual causation in tort law’ (2017) 130 Harvard L Rev 8 2163

Hinteregger M, 'Civil Liability and the Challenges of Climate Change: A Functional Analysis' (2017) 8 Journal of European Tort Law 238

Holmes OW, ‘The Path of the Law’ (1897) Harvard Law Review 461

Hunt I and Mostyn J, 'Probability reasoning in judicial fact-finding' (2020) 24 The International Journal of Evidence & Proof 75

Hunter D and Salzman J, ‘Negligence in the Air: The Duty of Care in Climate Change Litigation’ (2007) 155 U Pa L Rev 1741

Jansen K and de Jong E, ‘Rechterlijke toetsing van wetenschappelijke kennis in het aansprakelijkheidsrecht’ (2022) 1(2) Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Burgerlijk Recht 5

Johnson N, ‘Say Goodbye to Federal Public Nuisance Claims for Greenhouse Gas Emissions’ (2013) 40 Ecology Law Quarterly 557

Keller H and Heri C, 'The Future is Now: Climate Cases Before the ECtHR' (2022) 40 Nordic Journal of Human Rights 153

Kling A, 'Die Klimaklage gegen RWE – Die Geltendmachung von Klimafolgeschäden auf dem Privatrechtsweg' (2018) 51 Kritische Justiz 213

Kruithof M, ‘Een kritische analyse van het concept causaliteit in het ontwerp van de Commissie tot hervorming van het aansprakelijkheidsrecht’ (2021) Tijdschrift voor Privaatrecht 269

Kysar DA, 'What Climate Change Can Do About Tort Law' (2011) 41 Environmental Law 1

Lawson S, 'The Conundrum of Climate Change Causation: Using Market Share Liability to Satisfy the Identification Requirement in Native Village of Kivalina v. Exxonmobil Co.' (2011) 22 Fordham Envtl L Rev 433

Leijten I, 'Human rights v. Insufficient climate action: The Urgenda case' (2019) 37 Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 112

Lloyd EA and others, 'Climate scientists set the bar of proof too high' (2021) 165 Climatic Change 55

Lloyd EA and Shepherd TG, ‘Climate Change Attribution and Legal Contexts: Evidence and the Role of Storylines’ (2021) 167 Climatic Change 1, 5

Marjanac S and Patton L, 'Extreme weather event attribution science and climate change litigation: an essential step in the causal chain?' (2018) 36 Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law 265

Minnerop P, ‘Integrating the 'Duty of Care' under the European Convention on Human Rights and the Science and Law of Climate Change: the Decision of The Hague Court of Appeal in the Urgenda Case’ (2019) 37 Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law 149

Minnerop P and Otto F, 'Climate Change and Causation: Joining Law and Climate Science on the Basis of Formal Logic' (2019-2020) 27 Buff Envtl LJ 49

Minnerop P, 'The ‘Advance Interference-Like Effect’ of Climate Targets: Fundamental Rights, Intergenerational Equity and the German Federal Constitutional Court' (2021) 34 Journal of Environmental Law 135

Otto FEL and others, 'Causality and the fate of climate litigation: The role of the social superstructure narrative' (2022) 13 Global Policy 736

Page EA, 'Climatic Justice and The Fair Distribution of Atmospheric Burdens: A Conjunctive Account' (2011) 94 The Monist 412

Pekkarinen V, Toussaint P and van Asselt H, 'Loss and Damage after Paris Moving Beyond Rhetoric' (2019) 13 Carbon & Climate Law Review 31

Pfrommer T and others, ‘Establishing Causation in Climate Litigation: Admissibility and Reliability’ (2019) 152 Climatic Change 67

Porat A and Stein A, 'Indeterminate Causation and Apportionment of Damages: An Essay on Holtby, Allen, and Fairchild' (2003) 23 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 667

Pound R, 'Law in Books and Law in Action ' (1910) 44 Am L Rev 12

Rozie J and Vansweevelt T, ‘Causaliteit in het Belgisch strafrecht’ (2014) 8 Preadviezen Vereniging voor de vergelijkende studie van het recht 105

Scheines R, ‘Causation, Statistics, and the Law’  (2007) 16 Journal of Law & Policy 102

Schweizer M, ‘The civil standard of proof—what is it, actually?’ (2016) 20(3) The International Journal of Evidence & Proof 217

Sevrin E and Van Eekert S, ‘Shoppen voor een aantrekkelijk recht voor PFOS-slachtoffers en angstschade? - Een illustratie van de potentiële meerwaarde van het internationaal privaatrecht’ (2022) 5 Tijdschrift voor Milieurecht 532

Stuart-Smith RF and others, ‘Filling the Evidentiary Gap in Climate Litigation’ (2021) 11 Nature Climate Change 651

Sullivan S, ‘A Likelihood Story: The Theory of Legal Fact-Finding’, (2019) 90 University of Colorado Law Review 1 

Sulyok K, 'Managing Uncertain Causation in Toxic Exposure Cases: Lessons for the European Court of Human Rights from U.S. Toxic Tort Litigation' (2017) Vol. 18. Vermont Journal of Environmental Law 519

Taekema S, ‘Theoretical and Normative Frameworks for Legal Research: Putting Theory into Practice’ [2018] Law and Method 2

Taekema S, ‘Methodologies of Rule of Law Research: Why Legal Philosophy Needs Empirical and Doctrinal Scholarship’ (2021) 40 Law and Philosophy 33

Turton G, ‘Causation And Risk In Negligence And Human Rights Law’ (2020) 79 The Cambridge Law Journal 148

Walker-Crawford N, 'Climate change in the courtroom: An anthropology of neighborly relations' (2023) 23 Anthropological Theory 76

Winter G and others, 'Weighing up the EC Environmental Liability Directive' (2008) 20 Journal of Environmental Law 163

Wood MC and Galpern D, 'Atmospheric Recovery Litigation: Making the Fossil Fuel Industry Pay to Restore a Viable Climate System' (2015) 45 Environmental Law 259, 312

Wright RW, ‘Causation in Tort Law’ (1985) California Law Review 1735

 

Other journal articles

 

Boulton E, ‘Climate Change as a ‘hyperobject’: A Critical Review of Timothy Morton's Reframing Narrative’ (2016) 7 WIREs Climate Change 772

Etz A, ‘Introduction to the Concept of Likelihood and Its Applications’ (2018) 1 Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science 60

Gerring J and Cojocaru L, ‘Selecting cases for intensive analysis: A diversity of goals and methods’ (2016) 45(3) Sociological Methods & Research 392 

Kent S, ‘Words of Estimative Probability’ (1964) Studies in Intelligence 49

Willems S, Albers C and Smeets I, ‘Variability in the Interpretation of Probability Phrases Used in Dutch News Articles — a Risk for Miscommunication’ (2020) 19 Journal of Science Communication A03

 

Other publications

 

Allen M, ‘Liability for climate change. Will it ever be possible to sue anyone for damaging the climate?’ (2003) 421 Nature 891

Berger DRHJ, ‘Improving Legal Reasoning using Bayesian Probability Methods’ (DPhil thesis Queen Mary University of London 2014)

Blackburn S, ‘Causal Nexus’ and ‘Causation’ (entries) in A Dictionary of Philosophy (3rd edn Oxford University Press 2016) <https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780198735304.001.0001/acref-9780198735304-e-514?rskey=cbQLcw&result=537> accessed 12 March 2023

Chan T, Burger M, Colatriano V and Echeverria J, 'Determining Climate Responsibility: Government Liability for Hurricane Katrina' (2019) 49 Envtl L Rep News & Analysis 10005

Chaize A, Thain I and Medlong J, ‘Tortious claims and climate change: Where are we now?’ (2023 DLA Piper International LLP) <https://www.dlapiper.com/en/insights/publications/2022/1/tortious-claims-and-climate-change-where-are-we-now> accessed 29 March 2023  

Chen J, Toledano P and Brauch MD, ‘How Much Have the Oil Supermajors Contributed to Climate Change?’ (Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment Staff Publications 2022) <https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/sustainable_investment_staffpubs/220> accessed 27 April 2023

Christidis N, ‘The heatwave in North India and Pakistan in April-May 2022. Technical summary’ (MetOffice 2022) <https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/binaries/content/assets/metofficegovuk/pdf/research/climate-science/attribution/indian_heatwave_2022.pdf> accessed 28 may 2022

Clarke M and Hussain T, ‘Climate change litigation: A new class of action’ (2018 White & Case LLP) <https://www.whitecase.com/insight-our-thinking/climate-change-litigation-new-class-action> accessed 2 May 2023

Condon M, ‘Climate Services: The Business of Physical Risk’ Ariz St L J (forthcoming) <http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4396826> accessed 29 March 2023

Corrington D, ‘From climate change ‘certainty’ to rapid decline: a timeline of IPCC reports’ The Guardian (London, 20 March 2023) <https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/mar/20/from-climate-change-certainty-to-rapid-decline-a-timeline-of-ipcc-reports> accessed 8 May 2023

Dentons, ‘Climate litigation risk – five trends to watch in 2023’ (2023 Dentons) <https://www.dentons.com/en/insights/articles/2023/january/9/climate-litigation-risk-five-trends-to-watch-in-2023> accessed 2 May 2023

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Interviews

Interview with Cybèle Schneider, Juristische Fachperson Klimagerechtigkeit, HEKS-EPER (online from Bern, Switzerland and Genoa, Italy, 26 April 2023)

Interview with Melissa Sims, Senior Counsel, Milberg Coleman Bryson Phillips Grossman LLC (online from Illinois, United States and Genoa, Italy, 27 April 2023)

Recording and notes are kept by the author according to the research data management plan and what was agreed with the interviewee through the information note and consent form. Blank versions of information and consent sheets that were presented to and approved by the interviewees are attached as an annex.