Van TikTok-receptenvideo’s naar gezonde voedingsgewoonten
In de leefwereld van jongvolwassenen primeren kost en smaak van voedingsproducten boven gezondheid. Voor velen zijn verse, huisgemaakte maaltijden snel vervangen door kant-en-klare maaltijden en fastfood. Het resultaat is verontrustend: maar liefst 25% van de jongvolwassenen kampt met overgewicht.
Beeld je in: na een lange schooldag kom je aan op je kot, open je de koelkast en tref je een halflege pot augurken, een verlaten pintje en wat uitgedroogde pesto aan. Als je dan naar de supermarkt gaat, bekruipt je de gedachte aan betaalbare en smakelijke opties: pizza, lasagne of toch liever frietjes? Voor jongvolwassenen leidt de overgangsfase van adolescentie naar volwassenheid vaak tot een afname in voedingskwaliteit. In een baanbrekende masterproef zijn nieuwe inzichten naar voren gekomen over het potentieel van TikTok-receptenvideo’s van food influencers om de kennis, vaardigheden en gedrag van jongvolwassenen met betrekking tot voeding te beïnvloeden.
De dag van vandaag delen talrijke Food influencers recepten via TikTok. Denk daarbij aan ‘What I eat in a day’-video's, waarin ze hun volgers inkijk geven in hun voedingspatroon voor één dag. Dit soort berichten hebben een aanzienlijke invloed op hoe jongvolwassenen hun voeding zien en ermee omgaan. Echter, in het huidige digitale landschap is het voor iedereen mogelijk om een account aan te maken en zich te profileren als een top chef, wat kan leiden tot de verspreiding van desinformatie en nepnieuws. Daarom werd in het onderzoek dieper ingegaan op de rol van de influencer-deskundigheid, de mate waarin iemand wordt beschouwd als een expert op het gebied van voeding. TikTok-video’s kunnen overigens verschillende formats aannemen, inclusief tekst, audio en muziek. Aangezien jongvolwassenen de voorkeur lijken te geven aan kookvideo's met instructies, werd dit kenmerk ook nader onderzocht.
Door middel van een experimentele vragenlijst werden gegevens verzameld van 242 TikTok-gebruikers tussen de 18 en 25 jaar. Dit werd bereikt door middel van vier experimentele groepen: een vergelijking tussen de deskundige food influencer en de ondeskundige food influencer, evenals een vergelijking tussen een TikTok-receptenvideo met instructies en een video zonder instructies. De resultaten tonen aan dat de waargenomen deskundigheid niet direct leidde tot een hogere intentie om gezonder te handelen en eten. Wel werd de deskundige influencer geloofwaardiger beschouwd, wat op zijn beurt cruciaal bleek te zijn in de effectiviteit van receptenvideo’s. Bovendien bleken duidelijk geschreven en gesproken instructies effectief te zijn in het stimuleren van kennis, vaardigheden en gedrag omtrent voeding.
Dit onderzoek laat zien dat TikTok-receptenvideo’s van food influencers meer potentieel bieden dan alleen online entertainment. Het onderzoek beschouwt duidelijk geschreven en gesproken instructies in de video en de geloofwaardigheid van de influencer als cruciale ingrediënten om jongvolwassenen te voorzien van essentiële kennis, vaardigheden en gedrag omtrent voeding.
Bibliografie
Adamski, M., Truby, H., M. Klassen, K., Cowan, S., & Gibson, S. (2020). Using the Internet: Nutrition Information-Seeking Behaviours of Lay People Enrolled in a Massive Online Nutrition Course. Nutrients, 12(3), 750. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12030750
Aggarwal-Gupta, M., & Dang, P. J. (2009). Examining celebrity expertise and advertising effectiveness in India. South Asian Journal of Management, 16(2), 61-75. https://discovery.ebsco.com/c/etl4wi/details/ufiv7b655f?limiters=FT1%3AY&q=Examining%20celebrity%20expertise%20and%20advertising%20effectiveness%20in%20India
Akkartal, S., & Gezer, C. (2020). Is Nutrition Knowledge Related to Diet Quality and Obesity? Ecology of Food and Nutrition 59(2), 119-129. https://doi.org/10.1080/03670244.2019.1675654
Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469-480. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.55.5.469
Bandura, A. (2001). Social Cognitive Theory of Mass Communication. Media Psychology, 3(3), 265-299. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532785xmep0303_03
Barr, A., Hanson, A., & Kattelmann, K. (2020). Effect of Cooking Classes on Healthy Eating Behavior Among College Students. Topics in Clinical Nutrition, 35(1), 62-70. https://doi.org/10.1097/tin.0000000000000197
Begley, A., Paynter, E., & Dhaliwal, S. S. (2018). Evaluation Tool Development for Food Literacy Programs. Nutrients, 10(11), 1617. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111617
Beheshti, M., Taspolat, A., Kaya, O. S., & Sapanca, H. F. (2018). Characteristics of instructional videos. World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues, 10(1), 61-69. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1170366
Bernardo, G. L., Jomori, M. M., Fernandes, A. C., & Proença, R. P. D. C. (2017). Food intake of university students. Revista de Nutrição, 30(6), 847-865. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652017000600016
Beuckels, E., & De Jans, S. (2022). 'My Mom Got Influenced by Yours': The persuasiveness of mom influencers in relation to mothers' food assessments and decisions. Appetite, 178, 106269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2022.106269
Binder, A., Naderer, B., & Matthes, J. (2020). Experts, peers, or celebrities? The role of different social endorsers on children's fruit choice. Appetite, 155, 104821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.104821
Boedt, T., Steenackers, N., Verbeke, J., Vermeulen, A., De Backer, C., Yiga, P., & Matthys, C. (2021). A Mixed-Method Approach to Develop and Validate an Integrated Food Literacy Tool for Personalized Food Literacy Guidance. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, 760493. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.760493
Boerman, S. C., Meijers, M. H. C., & Zwart, W. (2022). The Importance of Influencer-Message Congruence When Employing Greenfluencers to Promote Pro-Environmental Behavior. Environmental Communication, 16(7), 920-941. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2022.2115525
Bramston, V., Rouf, A., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2020). The Development of Cooking Videos to Encourage Calcium Intake in Young Adults. Nutrients, 12(5), 1236. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051236
Byrne, E., Kearney, J., & MacEvilly, C. (2017). The Role of Influencer Marketing and Social Influencers in Public Health. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 76(OCE3), E103. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0029665117001768
Chan, V., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2022). Young Australian Adults Prefer Video Posts for Dissemination of Nutritional Information over the Social Media Platform Instagram: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Survey. Nutrients, 14(20), 4382. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14204382
Charness, G., Gneezy, U., & Kuhn, M. A. (2012). Experimental methods: Between-subject and within-subject design. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 81(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2011.08.009
Chu, S.-C., & Kamal, S. (2008). The Effect of Perceived Blogger Credibility and Argument Quality on Message Elaboration and Brand Attitudes. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 8(2), 26-37. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2008.10722140
Croes, E., & Bartels, J. (2021). Young adults’ motivations for following social influencers and their relationship to identification and buying behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 124, 106910. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106910
Darmon, N., & Drewnowski, A. (2008). Does social class predict diet quality? The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 87(5), 1107-1117. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/87.5.1107
De Jans, S., Hudders, L., Naderer, B., & De Pauw, V. (2022). Impact of Thin-Ideals in Influencer Posts Promoting Healthy vs. Unhealthy Foods on Tweens' Healthy Food Choice Behavior. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 789069. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.789069
De Jans, S., Spielvogel, I., Naderer, B., & Hudders, L. (2021). Digital food marketing to children: How an influencer's lifestyle can stimulate healthy food choices among children. Appetite, 162, 105182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105182
De Veirman, M., Cauberghe, V., & Hudders, L. (2017). Marketing through Instagram influencers: the impact of number of followers and product divergence on brand attitude. International Journal of Advertising, 36(5), 798-828. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2017.1348035
Decorte, P., Cuykx, I., Teunissen, L., Poels, K., Smits, T., Pabian, S., van Royen, K., & De Backer, C. (2022). "Everywhere You Look, You'll Find Food": Emerging Adult Perspectives Toward the Food Media Landscape. Ecology of Food and Nutrition 61(3), 273-303. https://doi.org/10.1080/03670244.2021.1982711
Deliens, T., Clarys, P., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., & Deforche, B. (2014). Determinants of eating behaviour in university students: a qualitative study using focus group discussions. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-53
Djafarova, E., & Rushworth, C. (2017). Exploring the credibility of online celebrities' Instagram profiles in influencing the purchase decisions of young female users. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.009
Drieskens, S., Charafeddine, R., & Gisle, L. (2018). Gezondheidsenquête 2018: voedingsstatus (Rapportnummer: D/2019/14.440/53). Sciensano. www.gezondheidsenquete.be
Ellis, J., Brown, K., Ramsay, S., & Falk, J. (2018). Changes in Student-Athletes' Self-Efficacy for Making Healthful Food Choices and Food Preparation Following a Cooking Education Intervention. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 50(10), 1056-1058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2017.10.002
Ellison-Barnes, A., Johnson, S., & Gudzune, K. (2021). Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Adults Aged 18 Through 25 Years, 1976-2018. JAMA, 326(20), 2073-2074. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.16685
Feldon, D., & Stowe, K. (2009). A Case Study of Instruction from Experts: Why does Cognitive Task Analysis Make a Difference? Technology Instruction Cognition and Learning, 7(2), 103-120. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/itls_facpub/355/
Folkvord, F., Anschütz, D. J., Boyland, E., Kelly, B., & Buijzen, M. (2016). Food advertising and eating behavior in children. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 9, 26-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2015.11.016
Folkvord, F., & Hermans, R. C. J. (2020). Food Marketing in an Obesogenic Environment: a Narrative Overview of the Potential of Healthy Food Promotion to Children and Adults. Current Addiction Reports, 7(4), 431-436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-020-00338-4
Folkvord, F., Roes, E., & Bevelander, K. (2020). Promoting healthy foods in the new digital era on Instagram: an experimental study on the effect of a popular real versus fictitious fit influencer on brand attitude and purchase intentions. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1677. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09779-y
Forbes, K. (2016). Examining the beauty industry’s use of social influencers. Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 7(2), 78-87. https://eloncdn.blob.core.windows.net/eu3/sites/153/2017/06/08_Kristen_Forbes.pdf
Friedman, H. H., & Friedman, L. (1979). Endorser effectiveness by product type. Journal of Advertising Research, 19(5), 63-71. http://scholar.worldlib.site:8000/upload/202105/11/202105111113267137.pdf
Garcia, A. L., Reardon, R., McDonald, M., & Vargas-Garcia, E. J. (2016). Community Interventions to Improve Cooking Skills and Their Effects on Confidence and Eating Behaviour. Current Nutrition Reports, 5(4), 315-322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-016-0185-3
Geyser, W. (2023a, februari 7). The State of Influencer Marketing 2023: Benchmark Report. Influencer MarketingHub. https://influencermarketinghub.com/influencer-marketing-benchmark-report/
Geyser, W. (2023b, februari 4). Top 64 TikTok Stats You Need to Know in 2023. Influencer MarketingHub. https://influencermarketinghub.com/tiktok-stats/
Green, E., & Knechtges, P. (2015). Food Safety Knowledge and Practices of Young Adults. Journal of environmental health, 77(10), 18-24. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26058218/
Haenlein, M., Anadol, E., Farnsworth, T., Hugo, H., Hunichen, J., & Welte, D. (2020). Navigating the New Era of Influencer Marketing: How to be Successful on Instagram, TikTok, & Co. California Management Review, 63(1), 5-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008125620958166
Hasan, B., Thompson, W. G., Almasri, J., Wang, Z., Lakis, S., Prokop, L. J., Hensrud, D. D., Frie, K. S., Wirtz, M. J., Murad, A. L., Ewoldt, J. S., & Murad, M. H. (2019). The effect of culinary interventions (cooking classes) on dietary intake and behavioral change: a systematic review and evidence map. BMC Nutrition, 5(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-019-0293-8
Hebden, L., Chan, H. N., Louie, J. C., Rangan, A., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2015). You are what you choose to eat: factors influencing young adults' food selection behaviour. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 28(4), 401-408. https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12312
Hermans, R. C., Larsen, J. K., Herman, C. P., & Engels, R. C. (2008). Modeling of palatable food intake in female young adults. Effects of perceived body size. Appetite, 51(3), 512-518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.03.016
Hollywood, L., Surgenor, D., Reicks, M., McGowan, L., Lavelle, F., Spence, M., Raats, M., McCloat, A., Mooney, E., Caraher, M., & Dean, M. (2018). Critical review of behaviour change techniques applied in intervention studies to improve cooking skills and food skills among adults. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 58(17), 2882-2895. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2017.1344613
Hudders, L., De Jans, S., & De Veirman, M. (2020). The commercialization of social media stars: a literature review and conceptual framework on the strategic use of social media influencers. International Journal of Advertising, 40(3), 327-375. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2020.1836925
Hughes, C., Swaminathan, V., & Brooks, G. (2019). Driving Brand Engagement Through Online Social Influencers: An Empirical Investigation of Sponsored Blogging Campaigns. Journal of Marketing, 83(5), 78-96. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022242919854374
Hupkens, C. (2000). Social class differences in food consumption. The explanatory value of permissiveness and health and cost considerations. The European Journal of Public Health, 10(2), 108-113. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/10.2.108
Hyan Yoo, K., & Gretzel, U. (2008). The Influence of Perceived Credibility on Preferences for Recommender Systems as Sources of Advice. Information Technology & Tourism, 10(2), 133-146. https://doi.org/10.3727/109830508784913059
Jackson, M. I., Kiernan, K., & McLanahan, S. (2017). Maternal Education, Changing Family Circumstances, and Children’s Skill Development in the United States and UK. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 674(1), 59-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716217729471
Kalkhoff, W., Youngreen, R., Nath, L., & Lovaglia, M. J. (2014). Human Participants in Laboratory Experiments in the Social Sciences. In Laboratory Experiments in the Social Sciences (pp. 103-126). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-404681-8.00005-4
Kamins, M. A. (1990). An Investigation into the “Match-up” Hypothesis in Celebrity Advertising: When Beauty May Be Only Skin Deep. Journal of Advertising, 19(1), 4-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.1990.10673175
Kang, J., Yoon, J., Park, E., & Han, J. (2022). “Why tag me?”: Detecting motivations of comment tagging in Instagram. Expert Systems with Applications, 202, 117171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117171
Kay, S., Mulcahy, R., & Parkinson, J. (2020). When less is more: the impact of macro and micro social media influencers’ disclosure. Journal of Marketing Management, 36(3-4), 248-278. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257x.2020.1718740
Klassen, K. M., Douglass, C. H., Brennan, L., Truby, H., & Lim, M. S. C. (2018). Social media use for nutrition outcomes in young adults: a mixed-methods systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 15(1), 70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0696-y
Kolasa, K. M., Peery, A., Harris, N. G., & Shovelin, K. (2001). Food Literacy Partners Program. Topics in Clinical Nutrition, 16(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1097/00008486-200116040-00002
Kostygina, G., Tran, H., Binns, S., Szczypka, G., Emery, S., Vallone, D., & Hair, E. (2020). Boosting Health Campaign Reach and Engagement Through Use of Social Media Influencers and Memes. Social Media + Society, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120912475
Kusumadyahdewi, K., & Kusumaradyati, K. (2021). Learners’ perceptions about TikTok tutorial videos as instructional media in learning statistics. Letters in Information Technology Education (LITE), 4(2), 80-85. http://journal2.um.ac.id/index.php/lite/article/view/23795
Lanoye, A., Brown, K. L., & LaRose, J. G. (2017). The Transition into Young Adulthood: a Critical Period for Weight Control. Current Diabetes Reports, 17(11), 114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0938-4
Larson, N. I., Neumark-Sztainer, D. R., Story, M. T., Wall, M. M., Harnack, L. J., & Eisenberg, M. E. (2008). Fast food intake: longitudinal trends during the transition to young adulthood and correlates of intake. Journal of Adolescent Health, 43(1), 79-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.12.005
Larson, N. I., Perry, C. L., Story, M., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2006). Food preparation by young adults is associated with better diet quality. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 106(12), 2001-2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2006.09.008
Laska, M. N., Graham, D., Moe, S. G., Lytle, L., & Fulkerson, J. (2011). Situational characteristics of young adults' eating occasions: a real-time data collection using Personal Digital Assistants. Public Health Nutrition, 14(3), 472-479. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980010003186
Laska, M. N., Larson, N. I., Neumark-Sztainer, D., & Story, M. (2010). Dietary patterns and home food availability during emerging adulthood: do they differ by living situation? Public Health Nutrition, 13(2), 222-228. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009990760
Laska, M. N., Larson, N. I., Neumark-Sztainer, D., & Story, M. (2012). Does involvement in food preparation track from adolescence to young adulthood and is it associated with better dietary quality? Findings from a 10-year longitudinal study. Public Health Nutrition, 15(7), 1150-1158. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980011003004
Lauwers, C. (2023). Over Chloé. chloekookt. https://chloekookt.be/over-chloe/
Lee, Y., Kim, T., & Jung, H. (2022). The Relationships between Food Literacy, Health Promotion Literacy and Healthy Eating Habits among Young Adults in South Korea. Foods, 11(16), 2467. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11162467
Li, Y., & Peng, Y. (2021). Influencer marketing: purchase intention and its antecedents. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 39(7), 960-978. https://doi.org/10.1108/mip-04-2021-0104
Lou, C., & Yuan, S. (2019). Influencer Marketing: How Message Value and Credibility Affect Consumer Trust of Branded Content on Social Media. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 19(1), 58-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2018.1533501
McNaughton, S. A., Pendergast, F. J., Worsley, A., & Leech, R. M. (2020). Eating occasion situational factors and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in young adults. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-00975-y
Michie, S., Ashford, S., Sniehotta, F. F., Dombrowski, S. U., Bishop, A., & French, D. P. (2011). A refined taxonomy of behaviour change techniques to help people change their physical activity and healthy eating behaviours: The CALO-RE taxonomy. Psychology & Health, 26(11), 1479-1498. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2010.540664
Minadeo, M., & Pope, L. (2022). Weight-normative messaging predominates on TikTok—A qualitative content analysis. PLOS ONE, 17(11), e0267997. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267997
Misra, R. (2007). Knowledge, attitudes, and label use among college students. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 107(12), 2130-2134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2007.09.001
Mortelmans, D., & Neels, K. (2020). Kwantitatieve Onderzoeksmethoden. Anno.
Mullinix, K. J., Leeper, T. J., Druckman, J. N., & Freese, J. (2015). The Generalizability of Survey Experiments. Journal of Experimental Political Science, 2(2), 109-138. https://doi.org/10.1017/xps.2015.19
Munnukka, J., Maity, D., Reinikainen, H., & Luoma-Aho, V. (2019). “Thanks for watching”. The effectiveness of YouTube vlogendorsements. Computers in Human Behavior, 93, 226-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.12.014
Munnukka, J., Uusitalo, O., & Toivonen, H. (2016). Credibility of a peer endorser and advertising effectiveness. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 33(3), 182-192. https://doi.org/10.1108/jcm-11-2014-1221
Myskja, B. K. (2007). Lay expertise: why involve the public in biobank governance? Genomics, Society and Policy, 3(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-5354-3-1-1
Nahhas, R. W. (2023). Introduction to Regression Methods for Public Health Using R. [second draft, awaiting peer review]. https://bookdown.org/rwnahhas/RMPH/
National Institutes of Health. (1947). The Nuremberg Code. National Institutes of Health. https://history.nih.gov/display/history/Nuremberg+Code
Nelson, M. C., Story, M., Larson, N. I., Neumark-Sztainer, D., & Lytle, L. A. (2008). Emerging adulthood and college-aged youth: an overlooked age for weight-related behavior change. Obesity (Silver Spring), 16(10), 2205-2211. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2008.365
Neumark-Sztainer, D., Wall, M., Perry, C., & Story, M. (2003). Correlates of fruit and vegetable intake among adolescents. Findings from Project EAT. Preventive Medicine, 37(3), 198-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0091-7435(03)00114-2
Ngqangashe, Y., & Backer, C. J. S. (2021). The differential effects of viewing short-form online culinary videos of fruits and vegetables versus sweet snacks on adolescents' appetites. Appetite, 166, 105436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105436
Ngqangashe, Y., De Backer, C. J. S., Hudders, L., Hermans, N., Vandebosch, H., & Smits, T. (2018). An experimental investigation of the effect of TV cooking show consumption on children's food choice behaviour. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 42(4), 402-408. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12433
Niemeier, H. M., Raynor, H. A., Lloyd-Richardson, E. E., Rogers, M. L., & Wing, R. R. (2006). Fast food consumption and breakfast skipping: predictors of weight gain from adolescence to adulthood in a nationally representative sample. Journal of Adolescent Health, 39(6), 842-849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.07.001
Nour, M. M., Rouf, A. S., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2018). Exploring young adult perspectives on the use of gamification and social media in a smartphone platform for improving vegetable intake. Appetite, 120, 547-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.10.016
Ohanian, R. (1990). Construction and Validation of a Scale to Measure Celebrity Endorsers' Perceived Expertise, Trustworthiness, and Attractiveness. Journal of Advertising, 19(3), 39-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.1990.10673191
Onofrei, G., Filieri, R., & Kennedy, L. (2022). Social media interactions, purchase intention, and behavioural engagement: The mediating role of source and content factors. Journal of Business Research, 142, 100-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.031
Ostertagová, E., Ostertag, O., & Kováč, J. (2014). Methodology and Application of the Kruskal-Wallis Test. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 611, 115-120. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.611.115
Pabian, S., Ouvrein, G., van Royen, K., Folkvord, F., Poels, K., Vandebosch, H., & De Backer, C. (2022). "Meating halfway": Exploring the attitudes of meat eaters, veg*ns, and occasional meat eaters toward those who eat meat and those who do not eat meat. The Journal of Social Psychology 163(3), 408–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2022.2074288
Park, J., Lee, J. M., Xiong, V. Y., Septianto, F., & Seo, Y. (2021). David and Goliath: When and Why Micro-Influencers Are More Persuasive Than Mega-Influencers. Journal of Advertising, 50(5), 584-602. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2021.1980470
Poelman, M. P., Dijkstra, S. C., Sponselee, H., Kamphuis, C. B. M., Battjes-Fries, M. C. E., Gillebaart, M., & Seidell, J. C. (2018). Towards the measurement of food literacy with respect to healthy eating: the development and validation of the self perceived food literacy scale among an adult sample in the Netherlands. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 15(1), 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0687-z
Proesmans, V. L. J., Vermeir, I., de Backer, C., & Geuens, M. (2022). Food Media and Dietary Behavior in a Belgian Adult Sample: How Obtaining Information From Food Media Sources Associates With Dietary Behavior. International Journal of Public Health, 67, 1604627. https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604627
Qutteina, Y., Hallez, L., Raedschelders, M., De Backer, C., & Smits, T. (2022). Food for teens: how social media is associated with adolescent eating outcomes. Public Health Nutrition, 25(2), 290-302. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021003116
Ramachandran, D., Kite, J., Vassallo, A. J., Chau, J. Y., Partridge, S., Freeman, B., & Gill, T. (2018). Food Trends and Popular Nutrition Advice Online - Implications for Public Health. Online Journal of Public Health Informatics, 10(2), e213. https://doi.org/10.5210/ojphi.v10i2.9306
Rogers, A., Wilkinson, S., Downie, O., & Truby, H. (2022). Communication of nutrition information by influencers on social media: A scoping review. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 33(3), 657-676. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.563
Rolling, T. E., & Hong, M. Y. (2016). The Effect of Social Cognitive Theory-Based Interventions on Dietary Behavior within Children. Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Science, 4(5), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.15226/jnhfs.2016.00179
Rombouts, C. (2023). Over Celien. Healthyhabitscelien. https://www.instagram.com/healthyhabits.celien/?hl=en
Serman, Z. E., & Sims, J. (2022). Source Credibility Theory: SME Hospitality Sector Blog Posting During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Information Systems Frontiers. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-022-10349-3
Sevenhant, R., Stragier, J., De Marez, L., & Schuurman, D. (2021). imec.digimeter 2021: digitale trends in Vlaanderen. Imec. https://www.imec.be/sites/default/files/2022-05/IMEC-Digimeter-2021.pdf
Sexton-Dhamu, M. J., Livingstone, K. M., Pendergast, F. J., Worsley, A., & McNaughton, S. A. (2021). Individual, social-environmental and physical-environmental correlates of diet quality in young adults aged 18-30 years. Appetite, 162, 105175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105175
Skelly, A., Dettori, J., & Brodt, E. (2012). Assessing bias: the importance of considering confounding. Evidence-Based Spine-Care Journal, 3(01), 9-12. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1298595
Slater, J. (2013). Is cooking dead? The state of Home Economics Food and Nutrition education in a Canadian province. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 37(6), 617-624. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12042
Slater, J., Falkenberg, T., Rutherford, J., & Colatruglio, S. (2018). Food literacy competencies: A conceptual framework for youth transitioning to adulthood. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 42(5), 547-556. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12471
Slater, M. D. (2004). Operationalizing and analyzing exposure: The foundation of media effects research. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 81(1), 168-183. https://doi.org/Doi 10.1177/107769900408100112
Sogari, G., Velez-Argumedo, C., Gómez, M., & Mora, C. (2018). College Students and Eating Habits: A Study Using An Ecological Model for Healthy Behavior. Nutrients, 10(12), 1823. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10121823
Steils, N., & Obaidalahe, Z. (2020). “Social food”: Food literacy co-construction and distortion on social media. Food Policy, 95, 101932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2020.101932
Stockburger, J., Schmälzle, R., Flaisch, T., Bublatzky, F., & Schupp, H. T. (2009). The impact of hunger on food cue processing: An event-related brain potential study. NeuroImage, 47(4), 1819-1829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.04.071
Stok, F., Renner, B., Clarys, P., Lien, N., Lakerveld, J., & Deliens, T. (2018). Understanding Eating Behavior during the Transition from Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A Literature Review and Perspective on Future Research Directions. Nutrients, 10(6), 667. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10060667
Stok, F. M., Hoffmann, S., Volkert, D., Boeing, H., Ensenauer, R., Stelmach-Mardas, M., Kiesswetter, E., Weber, A., Rohm, H., Lien, N., Brug, J., Holdsworth, M., & Renner, B. (2017). The DONE framework: Creation, evaluation, and updating of an interdisciplinary, dynamic framework 2.0 of determinants of nutrition and eating. PLOS ONE, 12(2), e0171077. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171077
Surgenor, D., Hollywood, L., Furey, S., Lavelle, F., McGowan, L., Spence, M., Raats, M., McCloat, A., Mooney, E., Caraher, M., & Dean, M. (2017). The impact of video technology on learning: A cooking skills experiment. Appetite, 114, 306-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.037
Tellis, G. J. (2004). Effective Advertising: Understanding when, how, and why Advertising Works. SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452229379
Teunissen, L., Cuykx, I., Decorte, P., Vandebosch, H., Matthys, C., Pabian, S., Van Royen, K., & De Backer, C. (2023). Emerging adults’ food media experiences: Preferences, opportunities, and barriers for food literacy promotion. Communications. https://doi.org/10.1515/commun-2022-0051
Thorpe, M. G., Kestin, M., Riddell, L. J., Keast, R. S., & McNaughton, S. A. (2014). Diet quality in young adults and its association with food-related behaviours. Public Health Nutrition, 17(8), 1767-1775. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980013001924
Till, B. D., & Busler, M. (1998). Matching products with endorsers: attractiveness versus expertise. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 15(6), 576-586. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363769810241445
Till, B. D., & Busler, M. (2000). The Match-Up Hypothesis: Physical Attractiveness, Expertise, and the Role of Fit on Brand Attitude, Purchase Intent and Brand Beliefs. Journal of Advertising, 29(3), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2000.10673613
Topham, J., & Smith, N. (2023). One day of eating: Tracing misinformation in ‘What I Eat In A Day’ videos. Journal of Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1177/14407833231161369
van der Horst, K., Brunner, T. A., & Siegrist, M. (2011). Ready-meal consumption: associations with weight status and cooking skills. Public Health Nutrition 14(2), 239-245. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980010002624
Van Royen, K., Pabian, S., Poels, K., & De Backer, C. (2022). Around the same table: Uniting stakeholders of food-related communication. Appetite, 173, 105998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2022.105998
van Schoonhoven, M. (2018, 21 juni). Vlaming gebuisd op kennis over voeding. EOS wetenschap. https://www.eoswetenschap.eu/voeding/vlaming-gebuisd-op-kennis-over-voeding
Vassallo, A. J., Kelly, B., Zhang, L., Wang, Z., Young, S., & Freeman, B. (2018). Junk Food Marketing on Instagram: Content Analysis. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 4(2), e54. https://doi.org/10.2196/publichealth.9594
Vaterlaus, J. M., Patten, E. V., Roche, C., & Young, J. A. (2015). #Gettinghealthy: The perceived influence of social media on young adult health behaviors. Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 151-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.12.013
Ventura, V., Cavaliere, A., & Iannò, B. (2021). #Socialfood: Virtuous or vicious? A systematic review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 110, 674-686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.018
Vidgen, H. A., & Gallegos, D. (2014). Defining food literacy and its components. Appetite, 76, 50-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.010
Vlaams Instituut Gezond Leven. (2023). Hoofdgerechten. Zeker Gezond. https://zekergezond.be/detail/325d76de-a711-4402-a726-42451c320726/caeser-salade
Vrontis, D., Makrides, A., Christofi, M., & Thrassou, A. (2021). Social media influencer marketing: A systematic review, integrative framework and future research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 45(4), 617-644. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12647
Wardle, J., Parmenter, K., & Waller, J. (2000). Nutrition knowledge and food intake. Appetite, 34(3), 269-275. https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.1999.0311
Winpenny, E. M., van Sluijs, E. M. F., White, M., Klepp, K. I., Wold, B., & Lien, N. (2018). Changes in diet through adolescence and early adulthood: longitudinal trajectories and association with key life transitions. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 15(1), 86. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0719-8
World Health Organisation. (2021, 9 juni). Obesity and overweight. World Health Organisation. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
Zenone, M., Ow, N., & Barbic, S. (2021). TikTok and public health: a proposed research agenda. BMJ Global Health, 6(11), e007648. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007648
