Klimaatactivisme in het nieuws: wisselende representatie met gevolgen

Ines
Boeckxstaens

Klimaatverandering is een steeds dringender thema op de politieke agenda, en de afgelopen jaren hebben we wereldwijd een stijgende trend in klimaatactivisme gezien. Van internationale bewegingen zoals Fridays for Future tot lokale protesten in België, klimaatactivisten eisen meer actie van overheden en bedrijven. Om deze eisen echt op de agenda te krijgen, is media-aandacht onmisbaar. Nieuw thesisonderzoek belicht daarom hoe het zit met representatie van klimaatactivisme in de Vlaamse online pers. Hoe de media over klimaatprotesten berichten, bepaalt namelijk vaak of de boodschap die de activisten willen brengen wordt gehoord.

 

Media aandacht van belang

Sociale bewegingen, zoals de klimaatbeweging, hebben altijd gebruik gemaakt van de media om hun boodschap te verspreiden. Ze hebben de berichtgeving nodig om anderen te mobiliseren en door te dringen tot de beleidsmakers. Zonder de juiste zichtbaarheid blijven hun acties onopgemerkt en missen ze de kans om beleidsmakers te beïnvloeden.

 

Aard van de berichtgeving speelt grote rol

Maar niet elke berichtgeving is positief voor activistische bewegingen. In de academische wereld wordt dit fenomeen vaak verklaard aan de hand van het 'protestparadigma'. Deze theorie beschrijft hoe media de neiging hebben om protesten op een bepaalde manier in beeld te brengen, vaak door de nadruk te leggen op negatieve elementen zoals geweld of chaos. 

Het is dus een delicate balans: ze hebben de media nodig, maar de manier waarop er over hun protesten bericht wordt, kan hun boodschap ook ondermijnen.

 

De vlaamse pers onder de loep

Om te onderzoeken hoe klimaatactivisme wordt weergegeven in de Vlaamse online media, voerde nieuw thesisonderzoek een kwantitatieve inhoudsanalyse op nieuwsberichten over klimaatprotesten uit.  Het onderzoek richtte zich op twee punten: in hoeverre Vlaamse online media zich houden aan het protestparadigma, en dus het activisme in een negatief daglicht stelt, en welke factoren hier een rol in spelen. Het onderzoek combineerde theoretische inzichten uit mediastudies met een empirische analyse van de Vlaamse media om de dynamiek van mediaverslaggeving over klimaatactivisme in beeld te brengen.

 

Gemengde resultaten

Uit het onderzoek blijkt dat het protestparadigma wisselend aanwezig is in de Vlaamse pers. In sommige gevallen wordt er inderdaad gebruikgemaakt van een negatievere lens, waarbij de nadruk ligt op verstoring of extremisme van de activisten. Toch wordt er ook positievere beeldvorming gevonden, waarbij de boodschap van de activisten serieus werd genomen en er ruimte werd geboden aan niet-officiële bronnen, zoals woordvoerders van de beweging zelf.

 

Invloed van protestkenmerken en locatie

Verder blijkt dat factoren zoals de locatie van het protest en de gebruikte tactieken een aanzienlijke invloed hebben op hoe de protesten worden weergegeven. Voor protesten dichter bij huis zijn de media vaak milder. Daarnaast worden vreedzame demonstraties en protesten die weinig hinder veroorzaken over het algemeen gunstiger behandeld in de berichtgeving.

 

Waarom dit zo belangrijk is

Het onderzoekt benadrukt het belang van media voor klimaatactivisme. In een tijd waarin de klimaatcrisis steeds urgenter wordt, ligt er een verantwoordelijkheid bij de media om eerlijke en nauwkeurige verslaggeving te bieden die bijdraagt aan een constructief maatschappelijk debat. Activisten, aan de andere kant, kunnen door de media beter te begrijpen, strategieën ontwikkelen om hun boodschap op een effectieve manier over te brengen.

 

Klimaatactivisme is immers meer dan een roep om verandering; het is een strijd om gehoord te worden. En in die strijd spelen de media een doorslaggevende rol.

 

 

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Universiteit of Hogeschool
Universiteit Gent
Thesis jaar
2024
Promotor(en)
Sarah Van Leuven