Image, Archive, and Erasure: Visual Strategies of Italian Identity from Fascism to the Present.
Image, Archive, and Erasure: Visual Strategies of Italian Identity from Fascism to the Present.
This thesis investigates how photographic and archival practices have shaped the construction of Italian national identity from unification to the present, exposing the continuities between colonial, fascist, and post-fascist visual regimes. Through the case study of Leone Jacovacci — an Italian-Congolese boxer whose 1928 victory was erased from public record — the research examines how archives function as instruments of power that define visibility and belonging. Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of Achille Mbembe, Ariella Azoulay, and Saidiya Hartman, it argues that absence within the archive is never neutral but a form of epistemic violence that structures collective memory.
By tracing the evolution of Italian image culture — from Lombroso’s pseudo-scientific photography to Mussolini’s propagandistic iconography and contemporary media — the study reveals how the aesthetic foundations of whiteness and exclusion persist beneath post-war and neoliberal narratives of modernity. Engaging both institutional and personal archives, the project proposes an alternative methodology grounded in solidarity and speculation: one that re-reads the archive not as a closed repository, but as a site of struggle and potential reactivation. Ultimately, it calls for a re-imagining of visual history as an ethical and political practice, where to look is also to take responsibility for what has been made invisible.
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