Exploring potential genes linked to dilated cardiomyopathy in zebrafish
Universiteit Hasselt
2025
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of heart failure worldwide, and is
characterized by a dysfunctional and dilated left ventricle. Approximately 1 in 250 individuals develop DCM in their lifetime. DCM is highly heritable, with around 50 associated genes. However, 60-75% of families that show a heritable DCM pattern have no genetic diagnosis. Thus, identifying novel DCM-associated genes is imperative to help diagnose patients earlier and provide personalized treatments based on genotype-phenotype associations. Previously, whole exome sequencing data from idiopathic DCM patients at Maastricht Hospital was analyzed, leading to the identification of three potentially DCM-causing genes, found in seven patients. In the current study, these genes were analyzed using the zebrafish model. It was hypothesized that the targeted knockout of LAPTM4B, PIGV, or ANKHD1 in zebrafish embryos leads to functional and morphological changes resembling DCM. With F0 screening, a CRISPR/Cas9 based method, functional knockouts were created showing mild/moderate edema in approximately 40% of embryos in each genetic knockout. Heart videos were made to assess functional changes, with laptm4b showing a decrease in heart rate and an increase in ejection fraction, pigv showing a decrease in relaxation time and ventricle size, and ankhd1 showing an increase in ventricle size. In conclusion, the F0 screening should be further optimized to fully assess the role of these genes in cardiomyopathy. This study gives a proof of concept, showing that LAPTM4B, PIGV, and ANKHD1 play a role in the function and morphology of the heart and should be researched further.
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