Reward processing and the preference for sweet taste: exploring the relationship between sweet liker phenotypes and dispositional impulsiveness
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
2025
While links between sweet taste preference and impulsivity exist, the relationship with specific sweet liking phenotypes remains underexplored. This relationship may have implications for understanding reward related systems and dysfunction. This study investigated the association between sweet liking phenotypes and dispositional
impulsivity, using the Barratt Impulsivity Scale-11 (BIS-11), the BIS/BAS Scales, the Effortful Control Scale, and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). A cross-sectional design was employed with N=97 healthy adult participants. Sweet liking phenotypes were classified based on sweet taste assessment. Analyses revealed no significant differences in
BIS/BAS, Effortful Control, BIS-11, or overall IGT learning trends across the sweet liking phenotype groups. Although not confirmed by primary group comparisons, exploratory analysis of IGT performance suggested a potential trend for increased selection of the disadvantageous Deck B over time among individuals with higher sweet liking, pointing to impaired learning from negative outcomes and an insensitivity to punishment. These
findings suggest that BIS/BAS, Effortful Control, BIS-11 scores, and Iowa Gambling Task performance may not strongly differentiate sweet liking phenotypes; however, the study's power was limited by the relatively small sample size. Future studies employing dedicated tasks designed to isolate specific impulsivity facets are warranted.
Additionally, investigating the neural correlates of this relationship, particularly involving the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, could further clarify its mechanisms.
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