Development of a new screening platform for the generation of B7-H3 targeting NanoCAR T-cells to combat recurrent glioblastoma
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
2025
Recurrent glioblastoma (rGB) remains to have a 5-year survival of <10%. Current treatments consist of re-resection, re-irradiation and/or immunotherapy, but therapy resistance remains unresolved due to multiple factors, such as the blood-brain-barrier, high tumor heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this context, CAR T-cell therapy is emerging as a promising approach. In particular, the use of nanobodies (Nbs) as the antigen binding moiety overcomes limitations such as tonic signaling and immunogenicity, commonly associated with scFv-based CARs. CAR T-cell therapies targeting B7-H3 showed promising results in the treatment of rGB, but in vivo toxicity has been recently described, highlighting the need for improved CAR designs. In this thesis, we developed an mRNA-based platform to identify the most efficient CAR design as an alternative to the laborious and time-consuming methods currently available. Briefly, we developed an mRNA-based approach for the production of mRNA encoding NanoCAR variants and the screening of NanoCAR functionality, comparing it to a plasmid-derived mRNA NanoCAR. We used our optimized workflow, to select previously evaluated NanoCAR T-cells which resulted in the same lead being selected. Therefore, we applied our technology to generate B7-H3 NanoCAR T-cells and selected four candidates for further development. Finally, we tested B7-H3 mRNA NanoCAR T-cells in vivo to evaluate if a transient expression would be sufficient to address the toxicity issue. Overall, we showed that our mRNA platform is a promising alternative to the current methods for CAR screening allowing us to select new B7-H3 NanoCAR T-cells and further proceed with their characterization.
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