Scriptiebank overzicht

In recent years, interest in the use of ecological materials in the production of fibre-reinforced composites has increased enormously. This study investigates if the mechanical properties of different types of flax fibre cloth could act as a substitute for carbon fibre in composite materials. The study focuses on nine different flax fibre cloths, each with different weight classes and different patterns, combined with bio-epoxy resin to create fiber reinforced composites. The study compares the mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and elongation of these flax-based composites. The results indicate that flax fibre composites achieve similar strengths to carbon fibres composites, but due to the fact that they require more layers resulting in greater thickness and weight, their applications are limited, especially in weight-sensitive areas. Unidirectional (UD) flax fibres exhibit the highest tensile strength of all flax fibres tested. In addition, the research shows that the importance of the proper fibre-epoxy ratio is huge, variations in epoxy content will affect the mechanical properties enormously. Bio-epoxy resin, which contains up to 34% biodegradable material, is a good substitute for traditional epoxies. The only difference of bio epoxy is the fact that it is more ductile. Overall, the research highlights the potential applications of flax fibre as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibres, like carbon or glass fibre.

This dissertation examines the social reproductive experiences of Indian care workers participating in the Aurora Project in Flanders. Launched in response to labor shortages in elderly care homes, the project recruits migrant care workers from Kerala, India. Rooted in social reproduction theory, this study explores how the global care crisis and the international division of labor has given shape to the caring lives of the participants. The research focuses on two key questions: (1) What are the social reproductive experiences of Indian care workers involved in the Aurora Project? (2) How do urban arrival infrastructures, migration regimes, and working-time regimes influence these experiences? The study employs Thematic Analysis and interviews to delve into the complexities of the social reproductive experiences of the Indian care workers. The findings highlight the challenges faced by migrant care workers as they navigate the intersections of nationality, gender, and class in their caregiving roles. The dissertation contributes to a broader understanding of the care crisis and the limitations of labor migration as a solution.

Continued mobility has spawned a renewal of interest in the saliency of borders, opposing strengthened border securitisation to a borderless and globalised world. Current representations of the modern sovereign territorial nation-state and reification of territorial borders are increasingly contested, argued to be inconsistent with the construction and delineation of borders and boundaries in non-territorial terms.

Drawing on a micro-analysis of borders and boundaries, the purpose of this thesis is to uncover a ‘thick description’ of the ways in which South Sudanese refugees navigate borders during their mobility trajectories across the borderland between Uganda and South Sudan. Following refugees’ mobility trajectories, this thesis further aims to explore the threefold relation between subjective perceptions of borders and boundaries, the circumscription of communities of belonging, and evolving identity narratives. The particular borderland between Uganda and South Sudan, used as case study for this thesis, is characterised by a range of dynamic cross-border interactions and relations between both sides of the international border. While borders can divide sub-ethnic and/or linguistic communities, borderlands also lead to the creation of new and complex identities, often interrelated through linguistic, tribal, and cultural ties, as the findings of this research have indicated.

Based on semi-structured interviews conducted in different refugee settlements in northern Uganda, the results highlight a multidimensional perception of borders among refugees: both in a literal and symbolic sense. Although a deep sense of longing for South Sudan, and subsequent national identification, remains, refugees have demonstrated differing nationalistic, tribal, and linguistic identifications. As identification is not a linear process, affected by the evolution of time and space, refugees have demonstrated a multi- layered and interrelated process of nationalistic, tribal, and linguistic identification, grounded across multiple locations at once. By rethinking the logic of borders beyond their territorial materialisation, and by including a symbolic dimension (referring to cross-border tribal and linguistic boundaries), this thesis illustrates the diversity and complexity underlying refugee’s sense of belonging and interrelated identity narratives, subjected to continuous processes of identity negotiations.

Climate change has a significant impact on agricultural production because of its reliance on
environmental factors. Like in most parts of the world, the climate in Belgium is changing with
projections of increase in winter precipitation and decrease in summer precipitation. With
accompanying higher temperatures, evaporation will increase, and water availability will decrease,
especially in summer. It then becomes necessary to efficiently manage soil water for sustainable
crop production. While conservation agriculture is a promising climate smart agricultural
technology, it is often considered with less focus on mulching, one of the pillars of CA. In cases
where mulching has been studied, it was mostly under conventional tillage system, and about yield
and greenhouse gases emission. Since there is no one-size-fits all on soil water management. It is
imperative to conduct strategies suitable to local conditions. Potato is a staple crop in Belgium,
and it is drought sensitive. This makes it susceptible to effects of climate change. Therefore, this
research studied the impacts of mulching, under reduced tillage, on soil water balance and potato
growth as an adaptation strategy to climate change in the Flemish agricultural context.
A field experiment was conducted on a bio-parcel of the Flanders research institute for agriculture,
fisheries and food in Melle, East Flanders, Blegium. This study evaluated the effects of two
different mulch thickness (6 cm and 12 cm) against bare soil (no mulch) on evapotranspiration
(ET), potato growth, yield and water use efficiency (WUE). An adapted soil water balance
equation was used to determine ET; plant height and leaf area index (LAI) were used as parameter
of crop growth; and WUE was determined as a quotient of yield and ET. Data collected were
subjected to analysis of variance and significantly different means were separated using Tukey’s
Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) at 5% level of significance.
This study revealed that soil structural quality and soil water content improved under mulch; 12
cm mulch performed best in preventing drought stress during low rainfall; ET increased with
increasing mulch thickness though not significantly; 12 cm mulch significantly increased LAI
compared to other treatments; and yield and WUE were not significantly different among the
treatments though 6 cm and 12 cm mulch increased yield by 7.4% and 10.9% respectively.

Lianen zijn structurele parasieten die bomen beklimmen om toegang te krijgen tot de bovenste bladerdaklaag. Hun abundantie en biomassa nemen toe in de Neotropen, wat waarschijnlijk de werking van deze tropische gebieden beïnvloedt. Lianen hebben minder structureel weefsel en beperken de groei van bomen, waar door de aangetaste bossen minder koolstof vastleggen. Hun bladreflectie is gemiddeld hoger dan die van bomen, wat de spectrale signatuur van de tropische bossen verandert.
Deze studie onderzoekt de structurele en biochemische bladkenmerken van lianen en bomen in een secundair tropisch regenwoud in Panama. De onderzochte kenmerken omvatten bladdikte, equivalente waterdikte (C), bladmassadichtheid (LMA) en koolstof- en stikstofgehalte, evenals hun stabiele isotopen δ13C en δ15N. Daarnaast wordt de bladreflectie tussen 350 en 2500 nm onderzocht, met de focus op verschillen tussen de twee groeivormen en hoe deze kenmerken variëren met seizoensveranderingen. Door een combinatie van bladkenmerkmetingen en hyperspectrale reflectiegegevens, werden statistische testen en lineaire gemengde effectenmodellen gebruikt om de gegevens te analyseren.
De resultaten onthullen significant lagere LMA, C en δ13C-gehalte voor lianen dan voor bomen. Seizoensgebondenheid heeft geen significant effect op de bladkenmerken. De reflectie van lianenbladeren is significant hoger dan die van bomen in twee van de vier waterbanden in het kortgolvig infraroodgebied en het groene gebied. Daarnaast beïnvloeden seizoensvariaties de reflectie-eigenschappen van bomen. Ze blijken significant verschillende reflecties te hebben tussen seizoenen in de twee overgebleven waterbanden en het nabij-infraroodgebied. Lianen daarentegen worden niet significant beïnvloed door seizoensgebondenheid in de vooraf bepaalde banden. De Kullback-Leiber divergentie van de reflectiespectra tussen seizoenen is meer dan 4 keer groter voor bomen dan voor lianen. Deze bevindingen suggereren dat onderzoek naar de reflectie van boombladeren seizoensgebondenheid in aanmerking moet nemen. Voor lianen daarentegen lijkt de reflectie weinig beïnvloed door seizoensgebondenheid. Zowel de bladkenmerken als de reflectie van lianen lijken stabiel te zijn gedurende het natte en droge seizoen.
Onze bevindingen suggereren dat de onderscheidende structurele en biochemische kenmerken van lianen en bomen een cruciale rol spelen in hun ecologische strategieën en interacties binnen het bosecosysteem. Verder benadrukt de studie het potentieel van hyperspectrale reflectie als een proxy voor het monitoren van blad v kenmerken. Deze inzichten dragen bij aan een beter begrip van de ecologische rollen van lianen en bomen en hun reacties op milieuveranderingen, wat essentieel is voor het voorspellen van de gevolgen van klimaatverandering voor tropische bosecosystemen

Solar power forecasting is essential for optimizing energy use in residential households.
Machine learning models are promising for this power forecasting because they can
capture its non-linear characteristics. Nonetheless, these models require a significant
amount of data that is unavailable for new installations. To overcome the limited
data availability, this thesis proposes a transfer learning model using Long ShortTerm Memory (LSTM) networks trained on synthetic photovoltaic (PV) generation
provided by the Photovoltaic Geographical Information System. Using the metadata
about a PV installation, this synthetic data simulates the past production of the
new PV installation. The model utilizes Numerical Weather Predictions (NWP)
and autoregressive covariates. This proposed model is compared to benchmarks,
including models trained only on sites’ actual PV power, physical models, and TL
models with no weather covariates.
The research investigates the effect of physics-informed variables on the accuracy
of transfer learning. Furthermore, it examines the usage of reanalysis data to train
with synthetic PV data due to the low accessibility of historical Numerical Weather
Prediction output. Walk-forward validation is employed for forecasting the actual
PV power to simulate real-life conditions and the impact of increasing target data.
The results demonstrate that models trained with historical Numerical Weather
Prediction data achieve higher zero-shot forecasting accuracy. Contrary to expectations, including physics-informed variables did not enhance performance; in fact,
it showed a slight decrease. Additionally, models trained on reanalysis data catch
up with those trained on historical NWP data once limited target data becomes
available.
Discussion highlights include the impact of Storm Darcy in February 2021, which
caused instability in machine learning models and the suitability of other ML models.
The proposed LSTM-based transfer learning model can provide accurate forecasts
even with no or limited actual PV power data, proving its potential for practical
applications in solar power forecasting for residential households.

De voorbije paar jaar is de populariteit van kunstmatige intelligentie (artificial intelligence, kortweg AI) enorm toegenomen. We worden er overal mee geconfronteerd en deze trend roept veel vragen op. Eén van de sectoren die de impact van deze trend ervaart is de vertaalsector. Vertaalbedrijven en vertalers moeten zich aanpassen aan deze vernieuwing. Wat is de impact op het vertaalproces bij professionele vertalers? Gebruiken vertalers AI en in welke mate vergemakkelijkt dit het vertaalproces? Hoe evolueert de vraag naar vertaalbureaus, vertalers en hun vertaaldiensten?
In de desk research van dit onderzoek wordt aangehaald dat AI geen eenzijdige definitie heeft en op veel manieren kan beschreven worden. Daarna beschrijven we de verschillende soorten artificiële intelligentie en de beperkingen en voordelen ervan. Ook de evolutie van AI over de jaren heen wordt beknopt beschreven. Vervolgens worden de verschillende AI-vertaalsystemen geanalyseerd, alsook de diversiteit aan AI-vertaaltools. Als voorbereiding op de field research werd ook onderzoek gedaan naar het gebruik van AI bij professionele vertalers. Tot slot beschrijft het onderzoek ook kort de meest recente versie van ChatGPT in de ‘last minute’.
Om op de onderzoeksvragen te antwoorden deed het onderzoek naast desk research ook field research, waarbij het een kwalitatieve benadering gebruikt. Het kwalitatief onderzoek werd uitgevoerd door middel van diepte-interviews met 15 vertalers. De interviews geven diepgaande inzichten in de ervaringen en percepties van vertalers rond het gebruik van AI-tools in het vertaalproces.
De respondenten werden via verschillende platformen zoals GentVertaalt, LinkedIn en verschillende vertaalbureaus gecontacteerd. De steekproef omvat zowel ervaren vertalers als nieuwkomers, werkzaam in verschillende sectoren (juridisch, medisch, economisch, etc.). Dit zorgt voor een variatie in profielen, waardoor dit onderzoek een genuanceerd antwoord kan bieden op de onderzoeksvragen.
Tijdens het onderzoek en de gesprekken met de professionele vertalers werd duidelijk dat vertalers terughoudend zijn tegenover artificiële intelligentie, maar AI-vertaaltools wel al op een kritische manier implementeren in hun vertaalproces. Generatieve AI en machinevertaling komen vooral van pas om inspiratie op te doen en te gebruiken als een assistent. Het werd duidelijk dat vertalers weinig schrik hebben om vervangen te worden door AI en het plezier in hun job niet zomaar laten wegnemen. AI blijft zich snel ontwikkelen en het is belangrijk om als vertaler de technologie te omarmen en er behoedzaam mee om te gaan. Daarnaast blijft de combinatie van een CAT-tool (Computer-Assisted-Translation-tool) met een AI-plug-in een aanrader om op vlak van kostenefficiëntie een effect op het vertaalproces te ervaren.

Accurate electricity price forecasting is critical in today’s volatile energy markets, particularly with the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources. This thesis aims to
compare the increasingly popular deep learning techniques with established statistical
models for electricity price forecasting in the Belgian day-ahead market. The comparative study uses a deep learning method called Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and
a statistical LASSO-Estimated Auto-Regressive (LEAR) model both in predicting price
values as well as quantifying their uncertainty. The main findings reveal that the LEAR
model outperforms the LSTM model in terms of accuracy and computation time. The
study emphasizes the importance of recalibration for improving forecasts and challenges the notion that deep learning models always outperform statistical methods.
The research contributes to the literature by providing insights into the effectiveness of
different forecasting models in the field of electricity price prediction.

In the landscape of Polish coastal patches, the tension between water and land
resonates. This study focuses on the exploration of an ecologically specific zone
within the Baltic Sea—the Bay of Puck, enclosed by the mainland and the peninsula.
Utilizing various media, from graphics to animations, the research aims to capture
and convey the observations and experiences gathered during travel. Central to this
study is an atlas that combines exploration defined as echoes and transformations
within a boundless and unpredictable context, reflecting the rather nonlinear
journey of this thesis.
The initial focus is on the coastal background, highlighting remnants of uncommon
infrastructures that stand as testaments to both past human activity and nature’s
impact. While fortifications are intended to provide defense, they remain vulnerable
to the forces of dynamic nature. Amidst rapid climate change and anthropogenic
impacts on the landscape, this area, though bounded by natural parameters controlled
by the Marine Acts, faces pressures of continuous development. The thesis delves
into the ecological aspects of Polish coastal areas, emphasizing how these factors can
inform and shape the space itself.
The study introduces findings that underscore the dynamic interaction between
these elements, especially in the context of reappearing underwater land. The
collected observations provide measures to create environmental scenarios across
various spatial and temporal phases, representing the site’s transformative nature
and gradual transition between water and land through environmental adaptation.
By exploring adaptive architectural practices that respect and respond to the natural
cycles of the environment, the study encourages different strategies, providing a
spatial intervention, as a research outcome, that is both reactive and integrating.
Ultimately, it aims to preserve the rhythm of the coastal landscape found on-site. The
distinct sense of time at the seaside is shaped by the rhythm of tides and fluctuating
water levels. The evolving landscape further enhances the comprehension of this
dynamic environment.
The research question guiding this investigation is: How can architectural practice
preserve and emphasize the dynamic interaction between land and water? The
thesis explores architectural strategies that harmonize the built environment with
the ever-changing natural world, enhancing the sensory engagement of people with
the dynamic landscape.

Vandaag de dag kampen kinderen steeds vaker met overgewicht. Gezonde voeding is een belangrijk onderdeel in de preventie van dit probleem en vormt daarom het onderwerp van deze studie (WHO, 2023). Alhoewel ouders het beste voor hebben met hun kinderen, speelt de korte termijn voldoening van een aantrekkelijk verpakte koek vaak een grotere rol dan de beloning op lange termijn van een gezonder alternatief, zoals bijvoorbeeld een appel. Via deskresearch werd gezocht naar mogelijke interventies om de consumptie van gezonde voeding te stimuleren in een supermarktomgeving. Een waardevolle interventie hierbij is het implementeren van verzamelacties. De impact van deze verzamelacties op de aankoop van gezonde voeding werd onderzocht aan de hand van een empirisch onderzoek. Het onderzoek bestond uit een online-experiment bij ouders met kinderen tussen de drie en tien jaar oud. Er werd gebruik gemaakt van een 2x2 between-subjects experimental design met een controlegroep. Hieruit blijkt dat het gebruik van onbekende verzamelitems in vergelijking met bekende items leidt tot een significant hogere consumptie van gezonde voeding. Er was daarentegen geen significant verschil in deze consumptie tussen congruente en incongruente verzamelobjecten. Dit onderzoek vult bestaande studies aan doordat het effecten van verzamelacties aantoont op de consumptie van groenten en fruit bij ouders in een supermarkt.Vandaag de dag kampen kinderen steeds vaker met overgewicht. Gezonde voeding is een belangrijk onderdeel in de preventie van dit probleem en vormt daarom het onderwerp van deze studie (WHO, 2023). Alhoewel ouders het beste voor hebben met hun kinderen, speelt de korte termijn voldoening van een aantrekkelijk verpakte koek vaak een grotere rol dan de beloning op lange termijn van een gezonder alternatief, zoals bijvoorbeeld een appel. Via deskresearch werd gezocht naar mogelijke interventies om de consumptie van gezonde voeding te stimuleren in een supermarktomgeving. Een waardevolle interventie hierbij is het implementeren van verzamelacties. De impact van deze verzamelacties op de aankoop van gezonde voeding werd onderzocht aan de hand van een empirisch onderzoek. Het onderzoek bestond uit een online-experiment bij ouders met kinderen tussen de drie en tien jaar oud. Er werd gebruik gemaakt van een 2x2 between-subjects experimental design met een controlegroep. Hieruit blijkt dat het gebruik van onbekende verzamelitems in vergelijking met bekende items leidt tot een significant hogere consumptie van gezonde voeding. Er was daarentegen geen significant verschil in deze consumptie tussen congruente en incongruente verzamelobjecten. Dit onderzoek vult bestaande studies aan doordat het effecten van verzamelacties aantoont op de consumptie van groenten en fruit bij ouders in een supermarkt.

The thesis project 'The Post Olympic Tourist Trap' (1) researches how reality is experienced and (2) experiments with a way to depict this contemporary reality, to challenge the awareness about our surroundings.

Soils are everywhere and they are teeming with life. They contain over 59% of all biodiversity and these different species are in close contact with each other. Soil organisms interact with such a vast array of other soil organisms that they construct an intricate soil community network, which is still poorly understood. However, global change is pushing down on these smaller life forms and, by extent, threatening the world as we know it. The loss in soil biodiversity is tangible in the functional network and stunts the performance of entire ecosystems.

This thesis will point our gaze downwards, literally. We will explore the intricate soil network, comprised of life such as microscopic insects, worm-like organisms, fungi and bacteria. While largely invisible, the cooperation of these organisms keeps both the natural world and our civilisation running, as they deliver valuable ecosystem functions which shape our aboveground worlds. Bacteria are an essential cornerstone in soil networks. For instance, they are crucial in the decomposition process, in which they recycle organic matter and thus revitalise the ecosystem. This was our reason to further look into how Bacteria are impacted by the loss of whole groups from the soil network.

This research has found that subsequentially losing more and more different organism groups results in bacterial communities which differ significantly from each other. As their composition changes, the benefits they provide to the ecosystem change as well. We showed that the ability of bacteria to recycle nutrients is drastically impeded as the soil networks are degrading. This will in turn cause further decline in biodiversity as certain species will be unable to sustain their nutritional needs

Plant productivity was affected as well. While grasses seemed to be more resilient, herbs decreased in their performance, which could ultimately have important consequences for the ecosystems, such as a lower abundance of flowers for pollinators.

This study underlines the efficiency of a diverse soil system. Due to the disruption in the trophic and decomposition networks, the functioning of the overall soil network declines in its efficiency. This is alarming considering these belowground communities are the foundation of our aboveground world.

In english:
Obesity prejudice is pervasive, especially in sports environments (Boudreault et al., 2022;
Greenleaf et al., 2012; Thedinga et al., 2021), and negatively impacts individuals who are
overweight or obese, including under -or unemployment, unequal treatment policies.,
discrimination in health care practices, and a higher risk of self-intentional harm and suicidality. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of an evaluative conditioning (EC)-based poster, grounded in the newly emerging inferential framework, designed to reduce two common stereotypical beliefs: ‘Overweight people are lazy’ and ‘Overweight people lack motivation to exercise’ (RQ1); while also assessing its effect on the evaluation of individuals who are overweight (RQ2).

The researchers hypothesized that the inferential EC-based poster in the experimental
condition would significantly reduce the stereotypical beliefs (H1a), as well as the reduction would be significantly greater in the experimental condition compared to the control condition (H1b), in which a traditional EC-based poster was presented. The inferential EC-based poster included the pairing of individuals who are overweight (i.e., unconditioned stimulus) with t-shirts displaying ‘I love/heart-symbol fitness’ (i.e., conditioned stimuli), and a slogan to clarify the relation between the pairings. Both posters were displayed in the gym setting and the outcome variables were measured using pre- and post-intervention questionnaires.

The results were mixed, providing partial support for H1a but no support for H1b. This
may be attributed to methodological issues common for research in naturalistic settings. While the intervention did not consistently reduce all targeted stereotypical beliefs or consistently show stronger effects than the traditional EC-based poster, it did significantly reduce the belief that overweight people lack motivation to exercise, with a small to moderate effect size. Furthermore, the study may have found a significant positive effect of the inferential EC-based poster on the evaluation outcome. However, this potential effect should be further examined.

This study highlights the promise of inferential EC-based posters as a potential tool for
reducing obesity prejudice and stereotypical beliefs in everyday environments such as gyms. The findings underscore the importance of further research to replicate and refine inferential EC interventions, focusing on optimizing design variations and enhancing their impact in real-world contexts.

Core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form nucleosomes, the basic units of chromatin, which compact DNA into chromatin fibers. Euchromatin, with loosely packed structure, facilitates transcription by allowing enzyme access to DNA, whereas heterochromatin's tight packing blocks transcription. Histone proteins contain tails rich in lysine and arginine residues, which undergo various posttranslational modifications (PTMs). These modifications influence the regulation of chromatin structure and gene activity. Post-translational modifications, such as histone lysine methylation, acetylation and phosphorylation are prevalent in various cancer types. The aim of the study is to detect and localize specific PTMs on histones by optimizing the existing method for nuclei isolation and sample purification. The research employs the OPM-2 cell line, for which sample preparation begins with the isolation and breakdown of the nuclei. Next, magnetic beads are utilized to purify the sample by binding the proteins and removing contaminants, followed by overnight digestion. After preparing the Evotips, the samples are injected into the Evosep One connected to the timsTOF HT for tandem MS analysis with trapped ion mobility. The addition of an extra washing step during nuclei isolation, which was tested during protocol adjustments, had no effect on the purity of the sample. Similarly, the separate addition of SDS and Benzonase during nuclei isolation showed no positive impact. When the effect of an additional protein purification step using 5 µl RPW cartridges was investigated, it led to a significant improvement in purity, with a lower total protein yield and histones being the most abundant proteins in the sample. With the latest optimization, nine peptides of interest on H3 could be detected. However, the evaluation of this optimized protocol is still ongoing and further optimization remains necessary.

This study reconstructs the creative writing pedagogy of Guido Gezelle at the Klein Seminarie
in Roeselare, drawing on both previous publications and previously unexplored student
exercises. These exercises are linked to Gezelle's debut poetry collection, Vlaemsche
Dichtoefeningen (1858), and other relevant primary sources. This thesis is divided into three
chapters, each addressing different facets of Gezelle's teaching methods to provide a
comprehensive understanding of his educational practices.
Chapter one presents a portrait of Guido Gezelle, emphasizing his youth and education,
which significantly influenced his teaching style. Gezelle's deep appreciation for nature, his
strong advocacy for the Flemish language, and his educational background were pivotal in
shaping his approach to creative writing teaching. His initial experiences as a teacher, coupled
with his relationship with Bp. Malou, who played a crucial role in Gezelle's life from the
beginning of his priesthood, are also discussed. Despite his preference to be a missionary in
England, Gezelle's dedication to teaching proved to be the catalyst for his dual vocation as a
poet and priest. His so-called particularistic stance on the Flemish language, his Catholic faith,
his accessible approach to poetry, and his close bonds with his students were fundamental to
his teaching practice.
Chapter two examines the broader educational context of the turbulent 19th century and
its implications for Gezelle's teaching environment. This chapter, along with the first,
addresses how the educational context at the Klein Seminarie influenced Gezelle's teaching.
The school's curriculum emphasized character and attitude formation inspired by humanistic
ideals. Gezelle's pedagogical approach balanced formal rigor with creative freedom,
emphasizing language and its musicality. His methods aimed to cultivate a deep appreciation
for the technical and aesthetic aspects of poetry among his students.
The third chapter offers a detailed analysis of the primary sources, including Gezelle's
Vlaemsche Dichtoefeningen and the various student exercises. These exercises, which cover a
wide range of topics such as alliteration, imitation, translation, current events, nature
descriptions, literary adaptations, and miracle stories, provide insights into Gezelle's teaching
methods. His pedagogical practices were advanced for their time, incorporating tailored
instruction, differentiated difficulty levels, feedback, and relevance to the students' lives.
In short, this study sheds light on Gezelle's creative writing pedagogy at the Klein
Seminarie, offering a nuanced understanding of his methods. While many questions remain
unanswered, this study provides an introductory framework on which future research can
build.

Purpose - This thesis determines how to preserve and adapt built heritage while simultaneously adding density to the urban fabric of historic cities. Densifying already-existing houses could be an effective alternative for urban sprawl, which is unsustainable and puts cultural heritage at risk by causing heritage assets to become fragmented and deteriorated. The main goal is to investigate the current strategies used to densify townhouses from the 19th century in Zuidwijk, Antwerp.

Methodology - By creating a database on the historic and current situation of these 19th-century townhouses in Zuidwijk, tendencies regarding their residential use and densification are analysed. Additionally, a qualitative categorization of various adaption strategies for the same townhouses is created by examining building permits that are accessible through archived and on-site research.

Findings - This study shows that Zuidwijk is experiencing a trend of single-family townhouses being adapted into multiple-family residences. This adaptation can occur through a variety of strategies. Selecting the appropriate typology for a given building is crucial within the adaptation process, as it determines the potential of the existing townhouse and the objectives to be achieved through the adaptation. This thesis aims to serve as a basis for conducting more in-depth research into the phenomenon of adapting historic residences into multiple-family units, exploring its range of opportunities.

Research limitations - Identified research limitations include a small case study sample, mainly analysed without on-site visits and assessed from an architectural and heritage perspective. Further research and more detailed data regarding criteria such as policy and sustainability, should be considered in the future.

While the potential threat of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) to marine ecosystems is gain- ing attention, research often utilizes unrealistically high exposure levels. This study bridges that gap by investigating the effects of environmentally relevant MNP concentrations on the saltwater microalgae Rhodomonas salina. It further explores the role of Extracellular Poly- meric Substances (EPS) in mitigating these effects. Microalgae were exposed to a range of PET and aged-PET concentrations (10, 100, 1000, and 10000 particles/mL) to account for potential changes in polymer properties and additive release due to aging. Kaolin served as a control for non-plastic particle effects. Although the study’s findings on algal growth didn’t show a clear trend, they did reveal some intriguing patterns in EPS quantity and com- position. Notably, at the low MNP concentrations used, there were no significant changes in total EPS amount. However, the Protein-to-Carbohydrate (P/C) ratio within the EPS dis- played distinct responses depending on the exposure type. While the P/C-ratio remained stable for PET exposures, it significantly increased for aged-PET and kaolin at higher con- centrations. Interestingly, kaolin exposure resulted in more and larger aggregates, whereas higher concentrations of PET and aged-PET led to fewer and smaller ones. Furthermore, at the highest exposure (10000 particles/mL), all treatments displayed a shift in aggregate composition, with a higher proportion of algal cells relative to EPS. These findings signifi- cantly improve risk assessment of MNPs under current marine pollution conditions. They also highlight the critical role of algal EPS in the aggregation of both microalgae and MNPs, ultimately influencing their environmental fate.

This study investigates whether creative writing exercises can enhance the appreciation of poetry
among senior secondary students. Addressing the decline in reading appreciation and reading
comprehension, and the increased emphasis on creativity, a comprehensive lesson series of three
lessons centred on the poetry of Guido Gezelle was designed. This series incorporated both traditional
and AI-supported creative writing activities, providing a modern twist to Gezelle’s historical methods.
Using a group pretest-posttest design, the study evaluated changes in students' appreciation towards
poetry. Initial surveys revealed low interest and appreciation for poetry. Posttest results indicated a
positive shift in students' enjoyment and valuation of poetry, suggesting that creative writing exercises
can foster a greater appreciation of literary arts. However, the impact on students' future reading
habits remains uncertain, highlighting the need for further long-term studies. The study underscores
the potential of integrating creative writing into the curriculum to address the dual challenges of
declining reading interest and the need for creative skill development. Further research is needed to
explore the lasting effects on students' reading behaviours and to refine the implementation of
creative writing exercises.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease in the world. It is
characterised by degradative and reparative processes of the articular cartilage and the subchondral bone. To date, there is no causal treatment available for this disease, partly due to the fact that the pathophysiological mechanisms of OA are still not fully understood. Fibroblasts, which play an important role in the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) and synovial fluid, are the most abundant cell type in the synovium. Furthermore, macrophages are the most prominent immune cells in the synovium. The role of these cells in the pathogenesis of OA seems to be promising and therefore further research is recommended. The aim of this scoping review is to summarise the existing literature concerning surface proteins on synovial fibroblasts and macrophages in patients with osteoarthritis to determine their role in the pathogenesis of OA.

This master's thesis researches the governance aspect of New Zealand's Te Urewera Act. It answers the following question: 'What does a commons evaluation of the Te Urewera Act demonstrate about Rights of Nature's (RoN) potential to contribute to the reinstatement of (Indigenous) commons?' The research starts with a descriptive chapter, comprising an introduction to the Te Urewera Act, its historical background, the RoN movement and the commons framework, followed by a thorough legal analysis of the Act. Then, the paper determines the way in which the Te Urewera framework can be classified as a commons. Further on, Elinor OSTROM’s eight design principles for sustainable commons institutions are applied to the legal framework, revealing continued state involvement. The paper explains this particular feature through the founding principles of international law, and their continued influence on the international legal framework. Building on these findings, the concluding chapter communicates the role of the RoN aspect in Te Urewera's governance structure and the general potential of RoN for the reinstatement of (Indigenous) commons. The research paper concludes with a call to consider RoN and commons together more often, especially in the context of international law.

In de huidige bedrijfswereld wordt de integratie van milieuverantwoordelijkheid met bedrijfsresultaten steeds belangrijker. Een van de grootste uitdagingen hierbij is het gebrek
aan transparantie en kwaliteit van broeikasgasdata (BKG) in Environmental, Social, and
Governance (ESG) rapporten. Dit probleem belemmert een nauwkeurige beoordeling van
de milieu-impact van bedrijven en vermindert het vertrouwen van stakeholders. In deze
studie wordt een procesgerichte benadering voorgesteld om de kwaliteit en transparantie
van BKG-data in ESG-rapporten te verbeteren. We ontwikkelen een methode die gebruik
maakt van Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) en proces mining technieken om
BKG-data op een gedetailleerd en gestandaardiseerd niveau te integreren en te visualiseren. Deze aanpak maakt gebruik van een BPMN-extensie om nauwkeurige en verifieerbare data te verkrijgen en te rapporteren. De bevindingen laten zien dat de integratie van
BPMN en proces mining gedetailleerde inzichten kan bieden in de emissiehotspots binnen
bedrijfsprocessen. Dit kan bedrijven in staat stellen om gerichte emissiereductie KPI’s
vast te leggen en de algehele datakwaliteit en transparantie van hun ESG-rapportering te
verbeteren. Deze studie is een fundamentele stap richting een verbeterde standaard voor
ESG-rapportering die kan leiden tot betere vergelijkbaarheid en verhoogd vertrouwen
onder belanghebbenden.

Anthropogenic activities across various land uses (e.g. roadsides, industrial areas,
agricultural zones) have introduced xenobiotics, substances not natural to the
ecosystem, in the environment, affecting soil physiochemical characteristics and soil
bacterial communities. To adapt to this changing environment, bacteria have evolved
to withstand these harsh conditions. Insertion sequences (IS) can form composite
transposons that recruit and carry along passenger genes, including those involved in
the degradation of organic pollutants. However, studies examining IS elements
abundance and its cargo in bacterial communities within their natural context is limited.
The purpose of this thesis is to improve our knowledge of the role of the IS element
IS6100 in genetic adaptation within soil bacterial communities. This research focused
on two parts, the first part on Pakistani soil samples that determined how bacterial
community structure and abundance of IS6100 associates with land uses, spatial, and
environmental factors. Land use and location exerted significant influence on alpha
and beta diversity in soil ecosystems, notably with agricultural soil demonstrating
higher diversity due to increased disturbance. While environmental factors such as Cu,
total nitrogen, As, Cd, and total carbon contribute to soil bacterial community variability,
their impact is relatively small compared to land use in shaping soil bacterial
composition. Nevertheless, 86% unexplained variability suggests the presence of
additional important factors that were not measured in our study. IS6100 is
widespread, with no differences in abundance across various geographic Pakistani
samples with differing land use. While effects of environmental factors including
community diversity was low, some toxic contaminants like DiPCB and TriPCB
exhibited a negative correlation with IS6100 abundance. The second part examined
contaminated soils in Belgium, assessing IS6100 abundance by qPCR. Moreover, a
new long-range PCR (LR-PCR) method was applied to amplify the cargo of IS6100
associated CTs for functional analysis by nanopore sequencing. IS6100 was present
across all samples, with significant variations in relative abundance between soils.
Particularly, soil samples continuously exposed to pesticides exhibited elevated
IS6100 abundances compared to those with less clear contaminants. Regarding cargo
genes identification, clear bands in the AGE for every sample suggested that the LR
PCR IS6100 cargo genes were successfully and reproducibly amplified. The amplicons
were successfully sequenced by nanopore sequencing for future functional analysis.

In de literatuur wordt vaak geopperd dat online seksuele delinquenten beschouwd worden als een groep met aparte kenmerken, los van de kenmerken van hand-on seksuele delinquenten. Echter is onderzoek naar online seksuele delinquenten schaars. Daarbij is weinig geweten over de affectregulatie van online seksuele delinquenten en of zij gebaat zijn bij dezelfde emotieregulatietraining die vaak wordt gebruikt voor hands-on seksuele delinquenten.

Deze studie wil, door middel van vragenlijsten, onderzoeken of experiëntiële vermijding, problemen met affectregulatie en seks als coping, het plegen van hands-on en online seksuele misdrijven (mede) zou kunnen verklaren. Dit zou kunnen bijdragen aan het verbeteren van bestaande tertiaire preventieprogramma's voor online seksuele delinquenten in plaats van ze op dezelfde manier te behandelen als hands-on seksuele delinquenten.

In lijn met onze hypotheses zagen we dat het gebruik van experiëntiële emotieregulatie door emoties te erkennen, begrijpen en te uiten, de kans op het plegen van hands-on seksuele delicten significant verlaagt. Aan de andere kant lijkt het onderdrukken van emoties de kans op hands-on seksuele misdrijven juist te vergroten. Dit impliceert dat inzetten op adaptieve emotieregulatievaardigheden binnen de behandeling van hands-on seksuele delinquenten essentieel is.

Weefseltechnologie is de wetenschap die zich onder andere bezighoudt met het maken van nieuwe weefsels. In de thesis van Lara Pottie wordt een nieuw model, het ei-model, verder uitgewerkt om dit te kunnen toepassen in de weefseltechnologie.

Na de invasie van Rusland in Oekraïne reageerde Belgische burgers massaal op de oproep van de overheid om Oekraïense vluchtelingen thuis op te vangen. Dit onderzoek gaat na wat de drijvende krachten zijn achter de wijdverspreide solidariteit voor Oekraïense vluchtelingen.

Het Humaan Herpesvirus Type 7 (HHV-7) is een lid van de herpesviridae-familie en wordt geassocieerd met meerdere ziektes, variërend van dermatologische aandoeningen zoals exanthem subitem, tot ernstige neurologische defecten zoals encefalitis of meningitis. Toch is er weinig
bekend over zijn levenscyclus, en nog minder over zijn pathogene potentieel. Daarom hebben wij rood-fluorescente HHV-7 virussen gemaakt om visueel de infectie en replicatie van HHV-7 te kunnen volgen in verschillende celtypes.

A systematic and chronological overview of contemporary literature on horizontal organization (HO) is given; organizations with less hierarchy, more autonomy for the participants and tools for shared decision-making power: commons, cooperatives, participation/co-production and self-managing teams and organizations. This literature shows an evolution from 1900 towards an increasingly broad cultural understanding of organizations within the organizational sciences: at first the focus was only on the needs of the organization, nowadays a paradigm prevails that increasingly incorporates the needs of the participants and environmental factors.

Is it possible to predict the area-level prevalence of COVID-19 infections in Belgium by
analyzing self-reported symptoms on Twitter? This research project is about generating
estimates of the incidence of COVID-19 infections, at the municipality level, by using
Multilevel Regression Post-Stratification (MrP) to account for sampling biases in the social
media sample. At first, tweets are obtained from users based on keywords derived from
previous research, e.g., tweets mentioning fever, cough, loss of taste, fatigue, etc. Then, key
demographic and geographical features of interest are extracted using the M3 deep learning
pipeline, as well as simple self-reported characteristics, effectively transforming the
unstructured twitter sample into a survey-like object. Finally, based on these demographic
features and census characteristics, a mixed effects logistic regression model with
post-stratification according to the Belgian census is proposed to forecast the number of
infected individuals on a particular day. This study intends to contribute to the proof of
concept of a complete end to end pipeline to perform real time predictions of disease
prevalence at a granular level in a population using social media data.

Fjordson is een online horlogemerk waarin al enige tijd weinig beweging zit. De bedoeling was om dit merk opnieuw in de markt te zetten. Hiervoor werd de volgende onderzoeksvraag opgesteld: ‘Wat kan horlogemerk Fjordson doen om online succesvol op te vallen met zijn aanbod?’

Dit proefschrift beoogt een eerste benadering te zijn voor de ontwikkeling van een testbank die in staat is om automatische tests op een elektronische kaart uit te voeren en de resultaten aan de gebruiker te rapporteren.
De belangrijkste doelstellingen van dit proefschrift zijn het evalueren van de haalbaarheid van het idee en het testen van het concept ervan. Daartoe werden een PC-applicatie en de software voor een microcontroller ontworpen en ontwikkeld, evenals de communicatie tussen beide met behulp van een aangepast protocol.